【作者】 陈源；

【导师】 宋槿篱；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 经济法学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 政府采购是市场经济国家为加强财政支出管理所普遍采用的一种有效方式。它在节约财政资金、提高资金效益、从源头上预防腐败、规范市场经济和国家宏观调控经济秩序等方面发挥了很大作用。国外的许多学者对政府采购监督问题进行了多方面的研究。这些研究形成了较为完善的政府采购监督理论体系,主要有委托代理理论、公共选择理论、效率原则理论、平等竞争理论等。这些理论充分揭示了政府采购监督的必要性,说明了政府采购监督所要达到的目标。域外的政府采购开始得比较早,经历了二百多年来的迅速发展后,已经形成了相对比较完善的政府采购监督体系。他们的实践经验对于我国有着重要的借鉴意义。我国政府采购的实践工作开展已有十几年的时间,取得了很大的成就。但是,在我国政府采购规模和范围不断扩大的同时,政府采购活动中存在的诸如贪污腐败、铺张浪费等问题也逐渐暴露出来,直接妨碍着政府采购工作的健康发展。产生这些问题的一个重要原因是我国缺乏完善的政府采购的监督机制,主要表现在相关法律不衔接、监督范围过于狭窄、没有形成相互制约的机制、监督程序存在缺陷、监督队伍水平不高。针对我国政府采购监督所存在的问题,并借鉴域外政府采购监督的先进经验,我们应当从以下四个方面来完善我国政府采购监督机制:首先,要建立统一和完善的政府采购监督法律体系,解决法律法规相互冲突、互相矛盾的现象;其次,要完善政府采购内部监督机制,主要包括计划编制制度、预算编制制度、定期报告和定期检查制度、对集中采购机构的监督制度、货款结算制度、分散采购的定点采购制度、绩效评估制度;再次,要完善政府采购内部监督机制,主要包括加强人大等部门的监督、完善质疑投诉制度、完善信息公开制度、建立公益讼诉制度;最后,要提高政府采购监督人员的素质,以确保监督效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Government procurement is a wide-used and effective method of public payout management in marketing economic countries, which plays a significant role in saving funds, increasing capital efficiency, preventing corruption from the start, standardizing the order of the market economy and national macro control. Many foreign scholars have done many-sided researches on the problems in government procurement supervision. These researches have formed a comparatively perfect theoretical system of government procurement supervision, which contains Principal-agent Theory, Public Choice Theory, Efficiency Principle Theory, and Fair Competition Theory and so on. These theories adequately reveal the necessity of government procurement supervision and explain the goals government procurement supervision wants to achieve. Government procurement appeared early in other countries and areas. After over 200 years of rapid development, they have already established a comparatively perfect government procurement supervision system. There must be an important reference for our country.In our country, the practice of governmental procurement has been carried out more than ten years and got great achievements. However, along with the expansion of scale and extension of domestic governmental procurement, some serious problems, which directly holdback healthy development of government procurement works, gradually emerge, such as waste and corruption. An important reason for these problems is lack of perfect supervision mechanism of government procurement, which is mainly reflected in the relevant laws of non-convergence, the narrow scope of supervision, lack of mechanism of mutual restraint, the flawed procedures in supervision and the low level of supervisory personnel. According to the existing problems of government procurement supervision in our country and referring to the advanced experience in other countries and areas, we should improve our supervision mechanisms of government procurement from the following 4 aspects: First of all, it is necessary to establish a unified and perfect legal system of government procurement supervision so as to resolve the inter-conflict of laws and regulations; Secondly, we should improve internal supervision mechanisms in government procurement, including planning system, budgeting system, regular reporting and checking system, supervision system on centralized purchasing agencies, payment system, fixed procurement system in decentralized procurement, performance appraisal system; thirdly, we also should improve external supervision mechanisms in government procurement, including strengthening the supervision of the National People’s Congress and other departments, improving the queering and complaining system, perfecting the system of public information and establishing public interest litigation system; Finally, to ensure the effect, we should improve the quality of supervisory staff in government procurement department.更多还原