【作者】 叶林；

【导师】 黄本雄；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着面向对象软件开发技术的广泛应用和软件测试自动化的要求,使得传统的软件测试技术以不再适用于面向对象的软件测试。而统一建模语言UML的出现成为面向对象技术的的强有力的推动力量,以及其具有定义良好、易于表达和功能强大的特点,使得基于UML模型的软件测试逐渐成为研究的热点。软件在军事国防、国民经济和社会生活等方面的应用越来越广泛和深入,软件的质量也就显得越来越重要。而软件测试和验证是保证软件正确性和提高软件可靠性的最基本和最重要的手段。鉴于软件测试的重要性和自动化测试的要求,现有的测试方法已经不能够满足当前软件测试的要求。而现在软件测试发展的趋势是基于模型的测试方法,尤其是基于UML测试方法的测试,所以给出一种基于UML活动图和协作图模型的测试方法。面向对象技术虽然有许多优点,然而面向对象技术本身所具有的封装性、继承性和多态性等特点,给面向对象的软件测试带来了一定的困难。在对UML统一建模语言做详细分析后,给出了UML模型在测试方面的优势;并对UML各模型图如用例图、顺序图、协作图和活动图等在测试方面做了分析,同时对基于UML测试的关键技术做了详细的论述,这些关键技术包括测试场景、测试数据和测试脚本等。基于UML建模工具在软件设计和测试上的广泛应用,给出了UML建模工具的设计和实现方法。首先给出了UML建模工具的体系结构设计和系统功能设计,并在关键技术的基础上实现了UML建模工具,并对UML建模工具的可视化界面做了详细设计;在设计和实现了UML建模工具之后,给出了UML建模工具使用的示例。基于上述的分析,给出了基于UML活动图和协作图的测试方法的逻辑结构图,同时基于这种方法以调试工具为测试对象;分析了测试环境之后,先对调试工具进行了UML用例图和活动图的建模,然后给出了测试场景的生成方法,通过测试场景可以得到测试脚本和测试用例的生成;接着对测试数据的生成做了详细的分析;最后通过得到的测试结果进行了分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently with the popularity of Object Oriented technology and with the request software test automation, the traditional Software testing methods are not adapt to the Object Oriented testing. The appearance of the Unified Modeling Language (UML), becomes the cogent impulsion of the Object Oriented technology, UML is a well defined, expressive, powerful, and universal model language. So testing based on UML has become an active topic.The software industry becomes more and more extensive in the national defense, national economy and social life and so on; the quality of software also seems to be more and more important. Software test is the prime and essential methods to promise accuracy and credibility of software. with the request software test automation, the current of test method can not suffice the request of software test. The development trend of software test is the test method based model, also the test method based the UML model. So this paper gives a test method based UML activity diagram model and Collaboration diagram model.The Object Oriented technology has many advantages, but the new characteristics from the Object Oriented technique bring new challenge for testing. After analysis the characteristics of UML, giving the advantages using the UML model to test; we also analysis many UML model diagrams, such as use case diagram, sequence diagram, Collaboration diagram and activity diagram. At the same time, we expatiate the key techniques of test based UML models, including test scenario, test script and test data. UML Tool has extensively applied to the software design and test, so we give the design and a achieve of the UML Tool. First we give the design method of the structure and function of system, then we expatiate the key techniques and create out the UML Tool. We also give the using examples of the UML Tool.According to the above analysis, we give the logic structure of the test method based UML activity diagram model and Collaboration diagram model. We take the debug tool as the test object with this kind of method in the meantime, After analysising the test environment, First we create the models of the debug tool ,such as use case diagram and activity diagram, then give the creating method of test scenario, test script, test case and test data. Finally we analysis the result.更多还原