【作者】 李黎；

【导师】 龚辉；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 实验室自主研发近红外脑功能检测仪可以无损的检测大脑前额叶皮层这一在工作记忆中起到重要作用的脑区,是研究工作记忆的重要手段。工作记忆模型描述了人类对各类信息进行加工和临时存储的功能。工作记忆被认为在语言,学习,推理等高级认知过程中起到了重要的作用。开发适合红外脑功能检测仪的实验范式软件,对于系统的应用推广具有重要的意义。本文选取了四个实验,分别是:字母信息存储和空间信息存储的项目再认实验,数字信息存储的数字工作记忆广度实验,语义加工的汉语词语语义加工实验,算术加工的系列连续减法实验。其中前两个实验研究工作记忆的存储功能,后两个实验研究工作记忆的加工功能。设计了适合近红外脑功能检测仪研究的四个实验的实验范式,并在Visual C++6.0平台上编写了相应的实验范式软件,以软件方法实现了任务呈现和实验行为结果的记录。本文使用近红外脑功能检测仪,按照认知心理学实验规范完成了四个实验,并对行为数据和血氧参数数据进行了分析。分析结果首先证明了本文设计的四个实验范式都在前额叶皮层引起了明显的响应。对于各个实验结果的分别讨论确定了各个任务在前额叶皮层的基本响应位置,在此基础上分析了相应功能的可能过程和机制。项目再认实验表明,语音工作记忆主要激活左侧前额叶(BA9,10,46),空间工作记忆主要激活右侧前额叶(BA9,10,46);数字工作记忆广度实验表明,正序复述和反序复述的前额叶激活模式有明显区别;汉语词语语义加工实验表明,汉语语义加工的主要区域在左下前额叶(BA10,46);心算实验表明,不同难度的心算任务激活的脑区存在明显区别。综合四个实验的结果显示:工作记忆不同认知功能对应的前额叶皮层脑区是不同的,同一任务不同难度下也有明显的执行脑区区别。总之,本文开发了用于近红外脑功能检测仪的心理学实验软件,并通过实验证明了设计开发的实验范式的正确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The near-infrared brain functional instrument is an important approach to research the working memory in human brain .It is a noninvasive optical approach to detect the prefrontal cortex which is one of the key cortex in different working memory processes. Working memory model refers to a mental system that provides temporary storage and manipulation of the information. Working memory is necessary for the high level cognitive tasks such as language, learning and consequence. In order to apply the system to practice, the experiment software has been developed.In this thesis, we choose the storage and the manipulation of the working memory, and two experiments each. The four experiments are: item recognition experiment of verbal and spatial storage working memory, digit span experiment of digit storage working memory, the Chinese words encoding experiment of language manipulation, the mental arithmetic experiment of arithmetic manipulation. We designed the four experiments paradigm to the near-infrared spectroscopy imaging system. The Visual C++ was adopted to program the experiment procedure. The program presents the task according to the paradigm, meanwhile records the behavior data of the experiment.We use the near-infrared brain functional instrument. And we analyze the oxyhemoglobin data and the behavior data. According to the behavior and the measurement results of the experiments, the four paradigms designed activated prominent response in the prefrontal cortex. Separate discussion of the response data lead to a result where the tasks’basic response area in the prefrontal cortex is. The result of the item recognition experiment suggest that the verbal working memory’s response area is left prefrontal cortex(BA9,10,46), while the spatial working memory’s is right prefrontal cortex(BA9,10,46). The result of the digit span experiment suggest that forward and backward digit span’s response area are different. The result of the Chinese words encoding experiment suggest that the response area of Chinese words encoding is left prefrontal cortex(BA10,46). The result of the mental arithmetic experiment suggest that different response areas are found when task’s difficulty changed. Integrative discussion of the response data suggest that different function means different mechanism and different response area, and different response areas are found when task’s difficulty changed. In conclusion, experiment software in near-infrared brain functional instrument has been developed and is proved to be correct.更多还原