【作者】 刘秀峰；

【导师】 王健；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 自柏拉图以来的西方知识传统,隐含着这样一个不言而喻的标准:知识应当是清楚明白的,能够用语言来表述,不能用语言表述的不是知识。这里的语言并不是自然语言,也不是私人语言,而是知识共同体内部可以交流的公共语言。波兰尼却认为,在柏拉图的显性知识传统之外,存在着只可意会不可言传的隐性知识,我们知道的比我们说出来的多。不仅隐性知识普遍存在于一切知识系统中,而且显性知识也有着隐性的方面。用波兰尼的隐性知识理论来观照中医,我们会发现中医不仅有着丰富的显性知识,而且也是一座伟大的隐性知识的宝库。就知识的个人性、默会性和寄托而言,中医知识的很多都符合波兰尼关于隐性知识的标准。可以说,中医作为一种知识其神韵正在于它的“可以意会,难于言传”的特性。廖育群认为中医的一个核心概念是“意”,认为这种“医学理论的神秘性、治疗方法的灵活性、医家的悟性,都只能以一个‘意’字来体现”,即所谓“医者意也,意者医也”。中医的隐性知识特征,要求它必须有着适用于隐性知识的知识策略。但中国近现代的中医知识的管理、交流,都是按显性知识的标准来进行的,这不仅让中医逐渐失去了它的神韵,从而减弱了它的核心竞争力,更重要的,这种粗暴的方式正使中医知识的交流与传承变得更加困难,并造成日益严重的文化失忆,进而对中医形成本质上的伤害。作为一种留存至今的有生命力的文化,中医无须刻意“保护”,反倒是更需要一份尊重和理解,更需要适合它的知识特性的知识产权策略、知识交流策略与人才策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since Plato, western knowledge tradition has been concealing a kind of self-evident standard: Knowledge must be clear. It should be indicated. Or else it should be not. The language is neither natural language, nor private language, but public language which can be communicated in the scientific community. Polanyi believed that outside of the Plato’s explicit knowledge tradition, some knowledge only can be got an idea but cannot be explained, we know more than we can tell.According to the theory of the Polanyi’s tacit knowledge, we can discover that the Traditional Chinese Medicine is a great tacit knowledge treasure house. There are many explicit knowledge in Traditional Chinese Medicine, but Speaking of the knowledge’s personality, silence and reposing, the majority of the Traditional Chinese Medicine conforms to Polanyi’s tacit knowledge standard completely. As one kind of the knowledge, it can be said that the Traditional Chinese Medicine is lying in its characteristic that we may get an idea but difficulty with explains. As the core of the Traditional Chinese Medicine concept is Yi. Liao Yiqun believed that the medicine theory’s mystique, the method of treatment flexibility and the medicine perception, which all only can be manifested by Yi character, and also namely so-called: medicine is Yi, Yi is medicine.The tacit knowledge’s characteristic in Traditional Chinese Medicine needs a special strategy that is different to the explicit knowledge but suitable to the tacit knowledge. But in China, the modern Chinese medicine knowledge’s management and the exchange, all follow the explicit knowledge standard according to the western medicine’s standard. Not only this let the Traditional Chinese Medicine lose its charm gradually, but also it has weakened its core competitive power. More importantly, this crude way was causing the Traditional Chinese Medicine knowledge’s exchange and inheritance becoming more difficult, and created the serious culture to lose day by day, then formed the essentially injury to the Traditional Chinese Medicine. Preserved until now as one kind of culture with the vitality, the Traditional Chinese Medicine need not to protect sedulously. On the contrary, it needs respect and understanding, needs the special intellectual property rights strategy, the knowledge exchange strategy and the talented person strategy which are to suit its natural disposition. These three has its connotation respectively also to be closed each other.更多还原