【作者】 刘金；

【导师】 李玉文； 王英伟；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 环境科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 社会经济环境影响评价作为环境影响评价研究的前沿领域,近年来逐渐受到重视。在国民经济迅速发展,而环境十分脆弱的情况下,对林业投资项目进行社会经济环境影响评价具有重要意义。本文结合长白山速生丰产林项目,在借鉴国内外社会经济环境影响评价研究成果的基础上,分析了林业投资项目的社会经济环境影响评价与建设项目社会经济环境影响评价的不同之处,并构建了速生丰产林项目的社会经济环境影响评价指标体系,提出了开展此类项目的社会经济环境影响评价的工作方法和工作程序。本文在综合研究国内外社会经济环境影响评价的历史和现状的基础上,针对我国林业的现状,对社会经济环境影响评价在林业投资项目的环境影响评价中的应用进行了研究。首先,总结了社会经济环境影响评价的现状,同时发现林业投资项目的社会经济环境影响评价尚属摸索阶段,评价体系和评价方法尚不健全,进而将社会经济环境影响评价引入到林业项目评价中。其次,分析和设计了长白山速生丰产林项目的社会经济影响评价的指标体系,共4层,38个指标,包括公共设施服务、森林公益效益、经济基础、市场需求、固碳价值和林业投资效益等重要内容。基于社会经济环境影响评价理论,结合该林业项目自身的特点,构建了林业项目的社会经济环境影响评价程序,将理论研究与实际应用结合起来,并对其进行了案例分析。本研究采用理论研究与实证研究、定性研究与定量研究相结合、运用了社会经济环境影响方法中的专业判断法、矩阵法、费用-效益分析法等,对该项目的社会效益、经济效益和生态效益综合评价得出比较全面、客观的评价结果。经过分析,文章得出以下主要结论:第一,林业系统是一个复杂的多因素多层次系统,对其进行经济环境影响评价时,应体现其不可忽视的生态效益,建立起适合林业项目的评价指标体系。第二,对林业项目进行社会经济环境影响评价时,应运用多种评价方法,定量研究与半定量研究相结合,将重要的生态效益量化并赋值,并利用碳汇折算等方法对潜在的生态效益进行评价,进而得出更加客观全面的评价结果。本文通过对长白山速生丰产林项目进行社会经济环境影响评价研究,从理论与实践两方面入手,提出并分析了该类评价中的一些问题,希望能够为我国林业投资项目社会经济环境影响评价工作提供可行性依据、思路和方法,促进项目实施地区环境效益、经济效益和社会效益的协调发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Socioeconomic environmental impact assessment was regarded as an advanced field of study on the environmental impact assessment, which was attended more attention in recent years. With a rapid expansion of our national economy but weak environmental construction, the socioeconomic environmental impact assessment was very important to the forestry investment projects. According to the project of fast-growing and high-yield plantations in Changbai Mountain and achievements in international socioeconomic environmental impact assessment, the paper analyzed the differences between the socioeconomic environmental impact assessment on the forestry investment project and construction project. What is more, this study built index system of socioeconomic environmental impact assessment on fast-growing and high-yield plantations project and included the methods and progresses of this system.Based on researches of the international socioeconomic environmental impact assessment’s history and recent situation, this paper was mainly about the usage of socioeconomic environmental impact assessment of forestry investment. Firstly, this paper summarized the recent situation of socioeconomic environmental impact assessment. It was found that socioeconomic environmental impact assessment of forestry investment was still at the grope stage, the evaluation system and evaluation method was still uncertain. Furthermore, it introduced socioeconomic environmental impact assessment into forestry investment assessment. Then, this paper analyzed and designed the index system of the socioeconomic environmental impact assessment in the project of fast-growing and high-yield plantations in Changbai Mountain. The index system contained 4 levels and 38 indexes, which included communal facilities service, forestry commonweal interests, economic base, market demands, carbon fixation valuation, forestry investment valuation and etc.. According to the evaluation theory of the socioeconomic environmental impact assessment and the characteristics of this forestry project, this paper set up the evaluation process of the socioeconomic environmental impact assessment of forestry project, combined the theory research with practice and took case analysis on this forestry project. This study combined theory research , empirical work, quality identification research and quantity identification research, utilized the specialized judgment, matrix, cost-benefit analysis method and etc. to evaluate the society benefits, economic benefits and ecological benefits completely and objectively.Account to the analysis, it led to two conclusions. Firstly, forestry system was a complex system including various indexes and levels. The evaluation index system should be built suitably to the forestry project in the socioeconomic environmental impact assessment process. And the ecological benefits were necessary in the assessment. Secondly, it should use various evaluation methods such as the quality identification research combining with half quantity identification research, value the main ecological benefits, evaluate the potential ecological benefits by carbon rate convert method and etc. to do the socioeconomic environmental impact assessment on the forestry project. And then we could evaluate more objectively and completely result.By the research on the socioeconomic environmental impact assessment of the project of fast-growing and high-yield plantations in Changbai Mountain, this paper questioned and analyzed some problems in this kind of assessment. It could offer some feasibility basis, ideas and methods, in order to improve the environmental, economical and society benefits of the project area and finally reached the sustainable development aim.更多还原