【作者】 刘晶；

【导师】 黄国权；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 在机械设计及制造的应用领域当中,表面粗糙度对零件的性能和寿命有很大的影响。为了保证产品的质量、使用性能、使用寿命等一些要素,必须要对其评定参数进行精确的测量。多方面的实践表明:降低工件表面粗糙度,对保证设备的可靠性和稳定性、减小摩擦系数、降低动力消耗、提高机械及仪器的工作精度和灵敏度均有重要作用。然而,随着现代精密制造的发展和产品质量的提高,目前广泛应用的表面粗糙度测量仪已经不能适应现代工件的测量要求。因此,研制具有高精度、多参数的新型表面粗糙度测量仪器是非常有必要的。本课题利用现有的触针式轮廓仪与虚拟仪器技术相结合,以LabVIEW为平台分析了一种新型的基于虚拟仪器技术的表面粗糙度测量仪。设计了系统的传感器驱动箱的机械传动机构和控制电路,控制电路包括传感器的正反转控制电路、测量传感器行程长度电路、限位电路、指示传感器运动状态电路等。根据所测量参数的特点,对测量仪的整体结构方案进行了设计。系统以LabVIEW8.0为软件操作平台,根据R_a、R_p、R_q、R_sk、R_ku等参数的定义及算法编写了软件应用程序。从软件和硬件方面分别分析了测量误差的来源。对多刻线标准样板进行测量,将测得值与标准值进行比较,确定了该测量仪器的可行性,并对如何提高测量系统的精度进行分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the field of mechanical design and manufacture, surface roughness has been exerting tremendous influence to the properties and service life of the surface of the part. In order to guaranteeing the qualities, functions and the service life of products, to measure and control the roughness of surface accurately are very necessary. But, ever-improving modern precise manufacturing process quality of surfaces demands high precision and velocity of surface roughness measurement. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a new type of surface roughness measuring instrument which owns characteristics of large range, high precision and multi-parameters is quite imperative.Based on the traditional surface roughness measuring instrument, this subject has been designed a new instrument based on the software of virtual instrument LabVIEW. It could not only solve all the problems exist in the traditional instrument at present, but also have advantages such as quick survey speed, high automaticity, good man-machine contact surface etc. And it will have the bigger market potential and the application value because of cheap price and strong versatility.In this article the main research contents are as follows: First, the overall structure of surface roughness measuring instrument is designed according to the characteristic of this instrument which includes software system design and hardware system design. Second, provides the software controlling program according to the definition and algorithm of the parameters of surface roughness. Third, the hardware structure part of the surface roughness measuring instrument based on the virtual instrument mainly designs the sensor lateral driving circuit, including the sensor’s motion direction controlling circuit, the route measuring circuit, position limiting circuit etc. The forth, Analyzed the origin of measuring error from every aspects, include sensor error, sensor signal adjusting circuit error, the data acquisition system error etc. The fifth, through analyzes the measured result which is surveyed by this instrument, we could confirm the feasibility of this instrument surveyed. And make an introduction of how to eliminate or compensate these errors.更多还原