基于形式化方法的软构件接口规范

【作者】 林燕芬；

【导师】 潘孝铭；

【作者基本信息】 华侨大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 软件工程是为解决软件危机而诞生的一门学科,基于构件的软件工程CBSE提高了软件生产效率和质量,日益成为软件开发的主流范型。构件具有黑盒性质,因此,构件通过接口提供服务,而接口是构件开发人员和组装人员共同遵守的契约。但现今构件的工业标准,如CORBA、EJB、COM等,它们的构件模型和接口定义语言IDL仅仅规范构件接口的型构,而每种构件模型在实现上都有本身的数据结构和行为的描述,故很难提供一种标准规范来开发和组装这些构件,这也就阻碍了CBSE的发展和构件市场的形成。针对当前构件接口规范存在以上问题,结合构件的特点和形式化语言的方法,本文提出一种形式化接口的标准规范,该标准规范主要运用形式化B语言和CSP即通信顺序进程来规范部分构件接口,以促进接口向更抽象、更强功能的方向发展,从而提高构件的抽象级别和粒度。本文研究的主要内容包括:首先,简要论述了形式化理论和方法以及CSP触发事件的概念,并介绍国内外在软件工程形式化一些研究方法及其研究现状与进展;其次,介绍了当前软构件及其自身的接口定义语言,包括现有的标准规范,如EJB3.0规范等等;然后,研究了构件模型的形式化规范,采用形式化方法严格定义的语法来描述构件模型,并对部分语义做了形式化的规范,给出其一般模型使之适用各类具有不同参数特征的构件;最后,采用形式化B语言来规范COM和EJB的接口,并结合对EJB中客户端调用过程进行了标准规范。考虑到实际市场上的运用,本论文主要集中实现COM和EJB接口的标准规范。更多还原

【Abstract】 Software engineering (SE) is a subject born for solving software crisis, component-based Software engineering (CBSE) has been improving the efficiency of software production and quality, therefore CBSE has been becoming an essential prototype of software development. The interface of component is like a contract obeyed by both developers and assemblers, in respect that component has a property of black box. However, present industrial standard of the current component, such as CORBA, EJB, COM etc., only specified interface structure in their models and IDL, but each component model has its data structure and behavior description in realization, so it is hard to provide a normal specification in component exploitation and assemble exactly. Accordingly, the development of CBSE and the formation of component market are embarrassed respectively.In allusion to the problem of the specification of component interface put forward above, a normal specification was provided by using the characteristic of component and formal approach in this paper. The normal specification was described by B-method and CSP, and it could specify the interface of different component, which promote to develop and assemble with the interface Specification in order to create more powerful and abstracter component. The main contents in this thesis are summarized as follows:First, the formal theory and CSP were summarized, meanwhile the formal approach and its development were introduced at home and abroad.Second, not only the component and its IDL were outlined, but also the present standard specification of common component was introduced, such as EJB, CORBA, COM and etc..Then, the formal specification of component model was studied, meanwhile the component model was well described by the well-defined syntax and semanteme,and some of the semanteme was also formally specified, then different component models’common modules were given, which could be used to accommodate their different common component’s features.Finally, the interfaces of EJB and COM were specified by B-method, at the same time the distributed behavior of EJB was described by using CSP.Considering practical application, only the interface specification of EJB and COM was mainly realized in this paper.更多还原