【作者】 梁丽娟；

【导师】 刘宪虎；

【作者基本信息】 延边大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 通过对52份野生大豆材料的生物学特性的调查、芽期耐盐性测定和亲缘关系的初步研究,力求找到综合农艺性状好,芽期耐盐性强,亲缘关系远的野生大豆材料做亲本与栽培大豆杂交,把野生大豆的优良特性导入到栽培大豆,这将对拓宽栽培大豆的遗传基础具有重大意义。研究结果表明:1.北京的材料为半野生大豆,吉林省的材料为典型的野生大豆;对不同来源野生大豆的农艺性状进行对比分析,结果表明不同来源的野生大豆生物学特性有较大的差别;北京的野生大豆蛋白质含量低于吉林野生大豆,但油分高于吉林野生大豆。从产量构成因素上看,北京野生大豆优于吉林野生大豆。2.对吉林白花野生大豆和北京白花野生大豆的生物学特性调查结果表明:吉林白花野生大豆和北京白花野生大豆虽然花色相同,但其它各个性状上有很大的区别。就成分上来说北京白花野生大豆的蛋白质含量低于吉林白花野生大豆,而油分上恰好相反。3.通过对吉林白花野生大豆和吉林紫花野生大豆的生物学特性调查结果表明吉林白花野生大豆和吉林紫花野生大豆除花色不同外,其余性状无明显区别。4.对主要农艺性状与单株粒重间的简单相关分析结果表明:本实验中参试的野生大豆材料的生育期、单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重等性状与单株粒重均呈显极著正相关;百粒重与生育期、单株荚数、单株粒数都呈极显著正相关;单株粒数与生育期和单株荚数极显著正相关;主茎分枝与生育期、单株荚数、单株粒数显著负相关,与百粒重、单株粒重呈极显著负相关。5、对52份野生大豆芽期耐盐性进行了测定,找到了对芽期耐盐性测定的最适合的NaCl浓度为0.6%。No.4的耐盐性是最强的,No.36的耐盐性也比较强,耐盐性比较好的还有No.6、No.9、No.10、No.14、No.18、No.24、No.33、No.34、No.35、No.36、No.38、No.42、No.46、;No.5和No.40虽然不能忍耐0.8%的NaCl浓度,但在0.6%浓度下,耐盐性比较强。6、对野生大豆材料进行的过氧化物酶同工酶电泳分析,48份野生大豆材料电泳酶谱出现2～7条带,在相对迁移率(Rf)为0.4677和0.2015处出现两条共有带;第24号材料在0.2834处出现了特异性谱带。7.对供试材料聚类分析结果与生境、地理距离的远近无关,同工酶水平的样本间遗传距离大小,与外界环境无关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on biological characteristics of the investigation of wild soybean,the salt-tolerance of germination and the relationship of the preliminary study, to find comprehensive agronomic traits,and strong salt-tolerance of germination,relationship far from the wild soybean materials,As a male parents to hybrid with soybean cultivation,the fine characteristics of wild soybean import into soybean cultivation,to broaden the genetic basis of soybean cultivation have a greater significance.The results show that:1.The 4 samples from Beijing are semi-wild soybeans,the 48 samples from Jilin province are typical wild soybean.By comparative analyzing of agronomic traits know that it is quite different on biological characteristics of wild soybean which come from different area;the protein content of wild soybean from Beijing is lower than Jilin,but oil is higher than Jilin;in yield,the wild soybeans from Beijing are superior to Jilin.2.Base on the biological characteristics of white-flowered wild soybean survey results show that:white-flowered wild soybean of Jilin and Beijing.Although flower color is same,but the other characters all have a great difference.The protein content of Beijing is less than Jilin,oil is on the contrary.3.Through wild soybean of Jilin biological characteristics of the survey results show that Besides the color of flower is different,there is no significant difference between the remaining characters of white and purple wild soybeans of Jilin.4.The relationship between main agronomic traits and per-plant yield shows that every main agronomic traits and per-plant yield showed a significant positive related;one-hundred weight and growth period,number of grains of pods per plant,number per plant and shows very positive significant related;number per plant and growth period,number of grains of pods per plant shows very positive significant related;number of branches of main stem and number of grains of pods per plant,number per plant shows significantly negatively related,number of branches of main stem,and 100-seed weight,per-plant yield shows very significantly negatively related;number of branches of main stem and growth period shows negatively related.5.After determing the salt-torlance of 52 samples in germination stage found the 0.6%concentration of NaCL is suitable to determine the salt-tolerance in stage The salt-tolerance of No.4 is the most strongest,the salt tolerance of No.36is also relatively strong,No.42、No.6、No.9、No.18、No.46、No.38、No.14、No.10、No.24、No.35、No.33、No.36、No.34,have strong salt-tolerance;although No.5and No.40 did not endure 0.8%NaCl concentration,but in 0.6%concentration showed relatively strong.6.Analysised the peroxidase isoenzyme electrophoresis of 48 samples shows that there are 2-7 isoenzyme bands when the relative transport relocity(Rf) is 0.4677 and 0.2015 there are two distinct bands.At Rf 0.2834 appeared a specific bands of No.24 sample.7.Culster analysis of Peroxidase isoenzyme enzyme spectrum showed that, clustering results is irrelevant to habitats and geographic distance.The genetic distance on the level of isozyme is irrelevant to external environment.更多还原