【作者】 张臻；

【导师】 夏永旭；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来我国高速公路建设迅猛发展,公路隧道的修建技术日趋成熟,隧道修建的总长度以及单洞长度越来越长。而随着车速的日益加快,交通量的日益增大,以及易燃品的运输日益增多等都给公路隧道的运营安全埋下了安全隐患,所以公路隧道的火灾注定不可完全避免。然而公路隧道火灾情况下的人员逃生却一直是一个很难攻克的课题。本文分析了常用逃生方案的优缺点,认为长大公路隧道逃生的实现应该用逃生装置加以辅助完善。分析了世界各国现有的多种先进消防逃生设备,对其优缺点加以评价,并以堵为主要理念,自主研究提出两种防灾、逃生装置:逃生帷幕和隔烟弹射装置,希望逃生人员在等待外界救援的同时能够自救,不仅能够帮助人员逃生,而且能使消防人员近距离靠近火源进行即时灭火。该装置可单独或者配合其它现有装置使用,能用于多数公路隧道的防灾配备,已建成的老旧隧道经过简单改造也可以配合使用,造价较低,能为大多数公路隧道所接受。在公路隧道现有消防装置和逃生方案的基础上,结合本文提出的逃生、防灾装置,提出了一套全新的逃生方案。此方案能适用于多数公路隧道的多种火灾情况,弥补了以往方案的许多不足之处,能给人员逃生带来更为充足的时间。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recent years witness the rapid development of expressway construction and gradual mature of tunnel road constructing techniques in our country. The tunnel roads and each tunnel becomes longer and longer. The increasing speed of vehicles and growing traffic as well as inflammable transportation are all the hidden troubles for road tunnel safety. Therefore, fire is unavoidable in road tunnel. That’s why how to get out safely from the tunnel during a fire remains a difficult subject.The author of this thesis, through analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of commonly accepted ways of escape, finds out the escaping from long and wide road tunnels has to be realized by escape devices. Furthermore, through the comparison of different kinds of fire escape devices, taking "block" as the main concept, the author designs two fire prevention and escape devices: Escape curtain and smoke cutting ejection device in the hope that people can make self-rescue while waiting for the coming aids. These devices can not only enable people to make self-rescue, but also help firemen put the fire out in a short-distance. They can be used alone or with other devices in most road tunnels, including those old ones after a simple reform process. With a low-cost, it is acceptable to most road tunnel builders.Based on the existing fire devices and escape plan for road tunnels, integrated with the self-designed fire prevention and escape devices, the author puts forward a new set of escape plan, which, after a detailed investigation, is proved to be effective for most road tunnel fire situations by making up the shortcomings of the former plans. Within this plan, people can have enough time for escape.更多还原