【作者】 宫玉婷；

【导师】 阿不都拉·阿巴斯；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 植物学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 黄酮类化合物又称黄酮体、黄碱素,是自然界尤其是植物界分布较广泛的一大类天然酚类化合物,近年来,关于天然黄酮类化合物的生物学作用及其应用价值愈来愈引起人们的重视。梓树隶属紫葳科梓属植物,其果实具有清热、解毒等药用功能,用于治疗肝硬化腹水等。但由于其物质基础不够明确,梓实至今未载入药典。本实验旨在对梓树果实中黄酮类化合物及花中挥发性成分进行研究,为其以后在医药工业及化妆品应用提供理论依据。通过预试验可以确定梓树果实中确实含有黄酮类化合物。梓树果实中黄酮类化合物的提取采用传统加热回流法,分别考察了乙醇浓度、提取时间和提取温度及料液比对提取率的影响,通过正交试验及方差分析,确定了梓树果实中总黄酮最佳提取工艺条件为:乙醇浓度60%,时间2.0h,温度70℃,料液比1:20,在此条件下,黄酮类化合物的提取率可达到4.83%。以芦丁标准品为对照品,采用分光光度法对梓树果实、叶、花的总黄酮含量进行了测定,梓树不同部位中以果实中总黄酮含量最高。用AB-8大孔吸附树脂对梓树果实中黄酮类化合物进行纯化,吸附率为93.98%,解吸率达68.60%,得到的精制黄酮可能主要含有黄酮类、黄酮醇类、异黄酮类,根据薄层层析结果,可以判断其中可能含有芦丁。抗氧化实验表明梓树果实中黄酮类化合物对羟基自由基和超氧阴离子都有较好的清除作用。抑菌实验表明,梓树果实中黄酮类化合物对苏云金芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌有较好的抑制作用。采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取梓树花挥发油,并用GC-MS对其进行分析,鉴定出32种化合物,其中相对含量超过5%的成分有菲(27.21%)、芴(7.71%)、四十烷(6.17%)、二十四烷(6.05%)。更多还原

【Abstract】 The flavonoids is a phenolic compounds distributing widely in nature, especially in plant kingdom. Recently, people pay more and more attention to them. Catalpa ovata G.Don belongs to the family of Bignoniaceae. Its plant has many functions, such as clearing-detoxication, and has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for cirrhosis. But because it lack phlebitis with marked curative effect, it didn’t recorded in pharmacopoeia. The major contents of this research are the flavonoids in the fruit of Catalpa ovata G.Don. and the volatile oil in the flowers. It will provide theory evidence for the development of pharmaceutical industry and cosmetic industry.It was proved that flavonoids was exist in the fruit of Catalpa ovata G. Don by pre-test. The extraction technology of flavonoids from the fruit of Catalpa ovata G. Don used traditional hot organic solvent method. The extraction rate of flavonoids optimized condition(ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, ratio of solid to liquid and extraction time) were determined by orthogonal design. The result showed that the optimized conditions was obtained as: ethanol concentration is 60%; extraction temperature is 70℃; the ratio of solid to liquid is 1:20; extraction time is 2.0h and extract yield is 4.83%. Contrasted with rutin, we studied the total content of flanovoids in different part of Catalpa ovata G. Don. ( fruits, leaves, flowers), by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the total content of flavonoids was highest in fruits.Flavonoid was purified with the AB-8 pocket adsorption resin, the adsorption rate was 93.98% , the desorption rate was 68.60%. Purification flavonoids was mainly contain flavone, flavonol, isoflavone. The result of thin layer chromatographic analysis showed that purification flavonoids may contain rutin.Antioxidan experiment showed that the flavonoids in the fruit of Catalpa ovata G. Don had good oxidation resistance activeness. The antibacterial experiment showed that the purification flavonoids had good inhibition to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis.The essential oil in the flowers of Catalpa ovata G. Don were extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by using GC-MS, 32 compounds are identified. The compound which content surpass 5% were phenanthrene (27.21%), fluorine (7.71%), tetracotane (6.17%), tetracosane (6.05%).更多还原