【作者】 齐加将；

【导师】 高宏贵；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 经济法学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 《反垄断法》颁布后,我国的竞争法体系虽然基本建立起来,但是,由于它是立法机关主导制订的产物,加上转型时期政治、经济体制改革的极其复杂性,传统法律文化因素的巨大惯性以及法律移植中普适主义思维模式的影响,其在实施过程中必将遭遇巨大的障碍,尤其是国务院反垄断法实施细则的迟迟难以出台,更加加重人们对其移植和实施效果的忧虑。竞争法的实施是如此地艰难,远远不能满足规制我国蓬勃发展的市场经济中不断涌现的垄断行为和不正当竞争行为的需要。对此,国内外的不少学者都不约而同地提出,从文化尤其是从竞争文化或者竞争法文化的途径来彻底解决上述问题,不失为一个可行之道。但是,上述法律文化因素与竞争法移植和实施之间的作用机制如何?通过哪些途径来实现这种作用机制?如此等等。对于这些问题,大多数学者都是引而不发,缺乏具体、深入和系统的探讨。从法文化的角度来探讨竞争法移植和实施的效果问题,是一个宏大的课题,也是一个具有重大理论意义和现实意义的课题。本文正是在上述背景下,选取从竞争法建构和实施的主体性力量——民众的竞争法认同这一主观心理场域来考察其与竞争法建构和运行实效的关系,并从法文化的视角进行了具体而深入地探讨。本文认为,竞争法认同是主体在从事与市场竞争有关的活动中,基于自己的实际体验和理性选择而对作为市场竞争中相关主体活动的规则及其法律精神的竞争法所作出的肯定性评价。竞争法认同具有支持功能、评价功能、整合功能和指令功能等四种法律功能。在竞争法的移植与实施过程中,传统社群主义法律文化的消极因素和西方自由主义法律文化的绝对普适性消解了民众的竞争法认同。从法文化的角度看,要实现民众的竞争法认同,就必须在思维方式转型的基础上,对冲突的中西方法律文化进行价值整合,并以此为指导,通过知识理性主体的型塑、法律运行的利益参与、国家普法方式的转型和公共领域功能的彰显等多种具体的途径来实现民众的竞争法认同,从而增进竞争法的实效。本文除导论和结语之外,共分为以下三大部分:第一部分,主要阐释了竞争法认同的基本法理。首先,采取文献梳理的方法对法律认同的概念进行了界定,并在此基础上对竞争法认同的概念、基本特征和主要分类进行了详细地探讨。其次,具体地分析了竞争法认同所具有的四个基本法律功能,即支持功能、评价功能、整合功能和指令功能。所有这些理论阐释均旨在为下文的研究提供逻辑起点。第二部分,主要是剖析和论述了竞争法认同的困境。首先,对传统法律文化进行了分析,从而揭示了社群主义法律观至今仍有巨大的惯性,并深深地消解着民众的竞争法认同的基本原理。其次,对西方竞争法产生的法律背景进行了分析,并对竞争法移植中的普适性思维模式进行了反思,阐明了绝对的普适性思维模式对于竞争法移植和民众竞争法认同具有消极影响的主张。第三部分,主要是对实现竞争法认同的路径进行探讨。即从思维方式转型、价值整合和现实路径等三个方面进行了深入地探讨。首先,从观念的角度对竞争法认同困境的消解进行了探讨,指出在思维方式上要实现从主客两分向主体间性的转变,在此基础上,对中西法律文化的价值进行整合,即实现中国传统法律文化精神的创造性转换和西方法律文化精神的本土性嵌入的结合,以形成一套科学的价值观体系作为竞争法运行的指导。其次,基于上述研究,从知识理性主体的型塑、法律运行的利益参与、国家普法方式的转型和公共领域功能的彰显四个方面对实现竞争法认同的现实途径进行了探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the "Anti-monopoly Law" was promulgated,the system of the competition law in China has been basically set up.But,it will be subject to enormous obstacles in the process of the implementation,because that,it is the product of leading set of legislature,the political and economic reform during the period of transformation is extremely complicated,the factors of the traditional legal culture have tremendous inertia, and the thinking mode of legal universalism has tremendous impact on the legal transplantation.In particular,because of difficult production of the implementation details of the "Anti-monopoly Law",people have more concerns of the effect of its transplantation and implementation.The implementation of the competition law is so difficult,it is far from enough to meet the needs of the regulation of the monopolies and unfair competitions in China’s booming development of market economy.In this regard, many scholars,at home and abroad,take the same view without prior consultation that it may well be a practical way to solve the problem through the ways of the competition culture or the competition legal culture.However,majority of scholars are cited instead of hair,lack of specific,in-depth and systematic study on such problems,for example, such as what about the mechanisms among the above-mentioned legal culture factors, transplantation,and the implementation of competition law,how to achieve the effect of the mechanisms,and so on.It is not only an ambitious subject,but also a great theoretical and practical significance subject that the article explores the effect of the transplantation and the implementation of competition law from perspective of legal culture.In the background above-mentioned,this article has selected the main forces of the construction and implementation of competition law,that is,the subjective psychological field for the public identity of the competition law,studied the relationship between it and the effect of the construction of the competition law and implementation of the competition law,and had a Specific and in-depth discussion about this from the perspective of the legal culture.This article holds that,the identity of the competition law is a positive evaluation of the competition law,as the rules and systems about activities of the relational body in the market competition,made by the social community members based on their rational and practical experience,in the activities relating to market competition.And a subjective process of the members who regulate their own behavior consciously to the rules and the spirit of competition law so that their hearts in line with their activities.And it has four basic legal functions,that is,supporting function,the evaluation function,the integration function and command function.And the negative factors of traditional legal culture and the absolutely universal mode of thinking about the western legal culture resolve the public identity of the competition law in the process of the transplantation and operation of the competition law.From the perspective of legal culture,in order to achieve the public identity of the competition law,it is necessary to for us to integrate the value of the Chinese legal culture and the western legal culture which are in conflict based on the transition in the way of thinking,and use it as a guide, and enhance the effect of the competition law through the specific ways to achieve public recognition of the competition law,such as the shape of the main body having knowledge and rationality,the participation regarding the interest in the legal operation, the transition of the way of legal popularization in the country,the highlight of the functions of the public sphere,and so on.Aparting from the introduction and conclusion,the article is divided into three parts.Part 1 mainly explains the basic legal principles of the identity of the competition law.First of all,it defines the concept of legal identity by combing the literature.On the basis of this,it explores the basic content of the identity of the competition law,such as theconcept,the basic characteristics and the major classifications in detail.Secondly,it has an analysis of four basic legal functions of the identity of the competition law,that is, supporting function,the evaluation function,the integration function and command function.The theoretical exploration of this section aims to provide the logical starting point for the later discussion.Part 2 has an analysis of the dilemma about the identity of the competition law.First of all,it has an analysis of the traditional legal culture,and points out that it still has tremendous inertia in modern days,and deeply dissolves the public identity of the competition.Secondly,it has an analysis of the legal background of western competition law,and points out that absolutely universal mode of thinking had negative impacts on the transplant of the competition law and the people’s identity of the competition law.Part 3 explores the path of recognition of the identity of the competition law in three aspects,such as the transformation of the thinking mode,the integration of the values, the practical ways of realization,and so on.Firstly,it explores the ways of the resolution of the dilemma about the identity of the competition law from the perspective of the concept,and points out that we should have a transition about the way of thinking,that is, from subject-object dichotomy to inter-subjectivity.On the basis of this,we should have a integration of the value of the Chinese legal culture and the western legal culture,that is, realize the creative conversion about the spirit of traditional legal culture of China and the localization of the western legal culture,in order to form a scientific value system as the guideline of operation of the competition law.Secondly,on the basis of the discussion above,it explores practical ways of recognition of the identity of the competition law,mainly including the four aspects,such as the shape of the main body having knowledge and rationality,the participation regarding the interest in the legal operation,the transition of the way of legal popularization in the country,the highlight of the functions of the public sphere,and so on.更多还原