【作者】 张锐；

【导师】 石琴；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 车辆工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国汽车工业的机动车保有量的增加,能源危机和机动车的尾气排放问题日趋严重,已经成为交通环境领域急需解决的关键问题。研究开发基于我国城市交通运行特征的车辆行驶工况,将为车辆污染物排放量和燃油消耗量的确定、新车型的技术开发和评估以及交通控制方面的风险测定等提供基础数据。本文在借鉴国内外先进的车辆行驶工况构建方法的同时,运用极大似然法和马尔可夫过程理论,研究了城市道路汽车行驶工况的构建方法。汽车行驶中的速度可以看作随时间变化的一系列随机变量,把行驶工况定义为一随机过程。本文利用随机过程中的马尔科夫过程来研究汽车行驶工况,利用最大似然估计法来划分原始数据,把行驶工况定义为不同状态,求出各状态的转移概率,构建一系列的候选工况,选取十个特征参数(如平均速度、平均加速度、加速比例等)为准则,从大量实际行驶速度中提炼出一段速度变化曲线作为代表性行驶工况。以合肥市典型道路为研究对象,对马尔可夫构建方法进行了分析。在分析总结国内外行驶工况相关研究的基础上,根据现有实验条件,确定了合肥市汽车行驶工况研究的实验方案。通过AM-2600s机动车道路实验数据处理系统在典型道路上进行了行驶工况数据采集实验,对路测数据进行了汽车行驶特征的分析,主要分析了车辆行驶的平均速度、平均加减速度、速度区间分布以及加速度在速度区间内的分布情况。然后,运用马尔可夫理论来构建道路汽车行驶工况,并与ECE15等国外著名行驶工况进行了比较分析。结果表明应用马尔科夫提取的行驶工况能够代表实验数据的行驶工况。更多还原

【Abstract】 The energy crisis and vehicle exhaust emission problem has been continuously deteriorated along.with the rapid increase of automobile in China. It has become the key problem which is urgent to be solved in the field of traffic environment.Studying and developing Vehicle driving cycles based on the traffic characteristic of our country cities will provide basic data for calculating the vehicle emission and fuel consuming and developing new vehicle types, as well as evaluating the risk investment projects and decision making of traffic control.Learned from the international advanced design methods of vehicle driving cycles, based on the Maximum Likelihood Method and Markov process, the design method of transient driving cycles is studied and developed in this paper.The driving speed of vehicles may be taken on a series of stochastic variables with time and the driving cycles are defined a stochastic process.The driving cycles are researched by the stochastic process of Markov in the paper, the driving cycles are defined different states by maximum likelihood estimation,the transition probabilities of state are requierd,a series of candidate cycles are builded and the representative driving cycle is abstracted from a speed variation curve of a number of measured real driving speeds according to the characteristic parameters.On the basis of a review of state-of-the-art on driving cycles, this thesis first proposed a data collection methodology for developing driving cycles.Then, the research conducted the data collection of vehicles’ driving modes in Hefei by a combined use of AM-2600s System and AM-400 System, which further were used to develop an database of driving cycles for classified roads for Hefei.Subsequently, the developed driving cycles were compared with the widely used driving cycles in the world such as ECE15 Using Markov method, a vehicle’s driving cycle of Hefei based on 10 parameters from speed data of road tests was synthesized,which may reflect the actual driving condition of Hefei more properly.更多还原