【作者】 张丽丽；

【导师】 袁玉欣； 马长明；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 森林培育学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对白榆嫩枝扦插技术进行了初步探讨,选取四株滨海耐盐白榆的2a生优良耐盐的实生苗进行嫩枝扦插,以扦插苗为试验对象,以保定白榆2a生实生苗的嫩枝扦插苗为对照,用0.6%盐土对扦插苗进行盐分胁迫。胁迫35d后对扦插苗叶片的光合、生理指标进行测定,并且对各部位离子含量进行了测定比较。主要研究结果如下:(1)以白榆为研究对象,采用IAA、IBA、NAA、ABT1号、ABT3号和混合(IAA、IBA、NAA等比例混合溶液)共六个种类,250 ppm、500 ppm、1000 ppm、2000ppm四种浓度进行试验。结果表明,激素种类是主要影响因素。其中ABT3号处理的白榆生根最好,综合各个处理来看,显著优于其它激素的处理。本试验最终采用500ppm的ABT3号对优良的耐盐白榆单株进行嫩枝扦插。(2)盐分处理对不同白榆无性系产生不同程度的盐害,其中对2号和4号无性系的盐害最轻,对5号无性系的盐害最重。(3)盐分胁迫对白榆无性系的光合作用有抑制作用。白榆无性系的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度和叶绿素含量均有不同程度的降低,其中2号无性系降低的幅度最小,5号变化幅度最大。说明2号光合系统受到的盐害最轻,5号受到的盐害最重。(4)盐分胁迫下,白榆扦插苗各部位Na+和K+含量均有所增加。盐土中Na+/ K+均比在苗圃土中有所增加,其中2号无性系受盐分胁迫后Na+/ K+增加的幅度最小。表明在高盐分胁迫下,2号无性系耐盐性比较强。土壤中Na+的数量进入植株较少,因此Na+/ K+不高。(5)各无性系在盐分胁迫下的蛋白质含量和细胞保护酶活性均有所变化。SOD、POD、CAT活性都有不同程度的增加,蛋白质含量有所降低。其中盐分胁迫下,5号无性系的各种细胞保护酶的活性最低,蛋白质含量降低的最多。(6)在盐胁迫下各无性系之间丙二醛的含量相差显著,1号和5号无性系中MDA分别增加了79.11%、76.88%。可溶性糖含量2号无性系增加的幅度最大,为23.55%,5号无性系增加的最少,仅5.01%。(7)通过各个指标可以看出,除5号无性系外,其它各无性系的耐盐性都较强,其中以2号无性系的耐盐性最强,因此可以通过无性繁殖技术为滨海盐碱地区生态恢复提供首选生态型参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study was preliminary on techniques of soft-wood cutting of Umlus pumila. Four 2a Umlus pumila seedlings were selected which were superior on salt-tolerant of the coastal for soft-wood cutting, used 2a seedlings of Bao-ding Umlus pumila to check. Did salt stress to the cuttings with saline soil of 0.6% salinity. After 35 days stress, measured photosynthetic, physiological indicators of the cuttings’leaf and compared ion content in various parts of the cuttings. The main results are as follows:(1) Chose Umlus pumila as study object, using IAA, IBA, NAA, ABT1, ABT3 and mixed (IAA, IBA, NAA of the same concentration) six hormone types, 250 ppm, 500ppm, 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm four concentrations tested. The results showed that the type of hormone is the main factor. The Umlus pumila dealt with ABT3 has the highest survival rate, rooting the best, significantly better than the other hormone treatments. Integrated all the various indicators to deal with, the test finally adopted ABT3 of 500 ppm of good salt-tolerant Umlus pumila clones for soft-wood cutting.(2) Salt stress on the different clones of Umlus pumila had varies degrees of salt injury, the salt injury to the minimum on the clone 2 and clone 4 and to the maximum on the clone 5.(3) Salt stress also restrained photosynthesis of Umlus pumila clones. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and chlorophyll content of Umlus pumila clones were reduced in different degrees. The clone 2 reduced least and clone 5 reduced most of the five clones, clone 2 had the lightest salt stress and clone 5 had the heavest.(4) Under salt stress, the content of Na+ and K + in different parts of different Umlus pumila clones increased. The Na+ / K+ was higher of the clones in the salinity soil than in nursery soil. The Na+ / K+ of clone 2 increased the minimum. It’s showed that under the high-salt stress, the clone 2 had resistance on salt-tolerant. Clone 2 did not absorb the Na+ in the soil completely, so Na+ / K+ was not high.(5) The soluble protein and cell protective enzyme activities in all clones had been changed under salt stress. Soluble protein content had declined, SOD, POD and CAT activity increased in different degrees. The clone 5 had the lowest change rate of cell protective enzyme activity and soluble sugar.(6)Under salt stress, the content of MDA changed significantly between the clones. MDA increased 79.11% and 76.88% in clone 1and clone 5. The soluble sugar content changed most in clone 2, was 23.55%; clone 5 increased the least, was 5.01%. (7) As can be seen through the various indicators, in addition to clone 5, other clones all had high salt resistance and clone 2 was the most stable on the various indicators. We could use vegetative propagation techniques for ecological restoration to the coastal saline areas to provide the preferred eco-reference.更多还原