【作者】 周轶；

【导师】 欧斌；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 国际关系， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 重要的战略地位,丰富的石油资源,使中东成为美国历届政府重点经营的地区。冷战后,中东地区在全球地缘政治中的地位不仅没有下降,反而更加突出,已成为美国全球战略中的重要组成部分。乔治·W·布什政府上台后,继续维护美国在该地区的战略利益和主导地位。但是,由于该地区形势和国际形势发生了巨大的变化,特别是“9·11”事件的爆发,迫使小布什政府对中东政策进行调整。“9·11”事件后,小布什政府大力推行改造和重塑世界的战略,尤其是改变奉行已久的中东政策,向“大中东”国家扩展民主,实行“大中东民主改造”计划。而其核心的环节是伊拉克,也就是武力改造伊拉克。到2008年底,小布什政府第二任期快结束之际,这种政策走入了困境。小布什政府遂调整政策:重启巴以和平进程,推动以色列改善与穆斯林世界的关系;在推广民主方面放松对阿拉伯国家的压力,在整个大中东地区建立孤立和遏制伊朗的联盟。分析研究美国的中东政策,对正确认识美国中东政策的发展趋势、理解和前瞻国际关系的未来都有着重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Middle East,which has an important strategic status and abundant supply of petroleum resources,is regard as the area to be managed importantly by every American administration.After the cold war,the Middle East whose position not only isn’t lowered but more prominent,has become the important constituent in the US global strategy.After the Bush Administration appears on the stage,the US continues maintaining the strategic benefit and the dominant position in the region.However.the "9·11" incident force the Bush Administration to adjust the Middle East policy.After "9·11",the Bush Administration vigorously pushes the strategy of changing and reshaping the world, especially changing the policy that pursuing for a long time.It began to enlarge the democracy in "the Greater Middle East",and carried out "the Greater Middle East Initiative".The key link of this strategy was Iraq,namely,to transform Iraq by force and then introduce democratization to the whole region.This policy got deadlocked in the end of 2008.Then the Bush Administration adjusted the policy by reinitiating the Palestinian-Israeli peace process,urging Israel to improve relations with the Muslim world,reducing pressure on the Arabic countries for democratic reforms,and forming an alliance to isolate and contain Iran.Researching the US Middle East policy,which is contributed to us pay close attention to the strategy and take the relevant measures.更多还原