【作者】 窦会庆；

【导师】 徐建波；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 光学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 光学微操纵技术又称光镊,是利用高度聚焦激光微束的动力学效应来捕获和操纵尺度从几十纳米到几十微米的微粒的一种技术。从上世纪七十年代问世以来得到了迅速的发展和广泛的应用。利用光镊可以实现对微粒的亚接触、无损伤捕获,所以光镊在生物医学、物理学、化学乃至食品科学等领域已成为一个重要的研究工具。单纯的激光捕获理论已发展地相对完善,而由激光捕获理论而衍生出的新技术正在成为研究的热点。例如利用光镊和激光光刀形成的精密微加工技术已在实验上得到了验证,利用光致旋转实现的微型转子加工及微机械马达的研究也在逐步展开。随着激光光镊技术与其它技术的不断结合,以激光微束的动力学效应为基础的光镊技术会逐渐成为生命技术、纳米技术等微操纵研究领域的有力工具。围绕光学微操纵技术,全文共分六章:第一章介绍了光学微操纵技术的研究背景、分类、国内外研究现状和研究目的、意义;第二章介绍了激光捕获技术的基本原理,光镊系统的构造并阐述了激光微束形成三维光学势阱及捕获的基本条件;第三章从两种基本模型出发,对微粒在高斯光束中所受的光阱力进行了计算和分析;第四章是本文的核心,分析了光致旋转技术的理论及其应用;第五章从应用的角度出发,介绍了光学微操纵技术在物理学及其它科学领域中的的实际应用优势;第六章对全文进行了总结并对下一步的工作进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Optical micro-manipulation is a technology using the mechanical effect of micro-beam laser to manipulate particles which size ranges from nm to um. This technology born in 1970s was developed quickly and used wildly. Optical tweezers can be used to capture and manipulate particles with non-contact and no invasion. So optical tweezers have become an important tool in the research of physics, biomedical, chemical and so on. The single theoretical research of optical tweezers has been perfect relatively, but new technologies deriving from optical tweezers are having been hot. For instance, the technology of Precisely Micro-machining composed of optical tweezers and laser knife has been tested experimentally. The researches of micro-rotor and micro-mechanical motor are developed gradually. With a combination of laser tweezers and other technologies, the tweezers based on mechanical effect of micro-beam laser will become an important tool in the research of micro-manipulation gradually.This paper is consisted of six chapters around optical micro-manipulation technology. In chapter one, the history, background and the progress of optical tweezers researching are introduced. The research actuality and application of optical tweezers in domestic and overseas are also introduced. In chapter two, the principles of the laser trapping technique and optical tweezers systems are analyzed. The principles of 3-D optical potential well and trapping are also analyzed. In chapter three, based on two theoretical modes, Ray-Optics Model (RO) and Electromagnetic Model (EM),the trapping forces of focused fundamental-mode Gaussian beam are analyzed and calculated. Chapter four is the center of this paper. The theories and applications of Optically Driven Rotation technology are analyzed. In chapter five, from the point of application, the real applications of optical micro-manipulation technique in physics and other science are introduced. In chapter six, the conclusion of this paper is given and the future of optical tweezers is imaged.更多还原