【作者】 曹炫珠；

【导师】 赵阳林；

【作者基本信息】 山西财经大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 农业是我国国民经济的基础产业,农业和农村经济的健康发展事关国民经济发展的全局。经过20多年的改革与发展,我国农业已告别了农产品供给长期短缺的年代,开始步入总量基本平衡、丰年有余、部分农产品供给过剩的新的发展阶段。在农业发展的新阶段,我国农业和农村发展还存在着许多矛盾和问题,尤为突出的是农民增收困难。究其原因有多种,农产品流通不畅无疑是重要原因之一,因此在党中央提出要努力建设社会主义新农村的大背景下,大力发展农产品流通组织、促进农产品流通势在必行,因而深入研究我国农产品流通组织有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。首先,本文对农产品流通组织进行了一定的分析,认为作为农民与市场之间桥梁的农产品流通组织,其存在及发展既与农产品的生产与消费特性相适应,又与农产品流通组织规避风险、降低交易成本的需求分不开。为了深入研究农产品流通组织,本文选取了美国、日本、法国这三个农业发达国家的农产品流通组织进行介绍与分析,对我国农产品流通组织的发展有一定的借鉴意义。接着,本文对我国现有的几类主要农产品流通组织进行了分析,认为龙头企业带动下的产销一体化组织面临着实力不强、与农户之间关系不稳定和缺乏现代管理意识等问题。农民经纪人是近几年发展的比较火热的流通组织,但是也存在组织形式过于松散、部分农民经纪人素质低等问题,他们要想发展,必须走联合的道路。农产品批发市场是为农产品批量交易提供服务的流通组织,具有很大的发展潜力与广阔的发展前景。通过理论与现实的分析,认为要把农民组织起来进入市场,提高农民的市场主体地位,以增强其竞争能力,减少中间利益流失,最有效的形式就是农民专业合作经济组织,即合作社。合作社作为农民自己的组织,其利益返还机制对农民最为有利,而且交易成本低、效率高。因此应重点发展合作社,同时也要完善其他农产品流通组织共同参与农产品流通。本文在最后对如何完善我国农产品流通组织进行了探讨,认为我国农产品流通组织的发展应遵循以下原则:坚持以家庭联产承包责任制为基础、尊重农民意愿、政府多方面支持、坚持农业市场化和外向化发展。并针对我国农产品流通组织存在的问题进行剖析,提出要进一步完善农产品流通组织的功能,政府需要积极扶持和引导现有农产品流通组织的发展,完善相关基础设施的建设,流通组织和参加的农民也需要不断提高自身素质等建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The agriculture is the foundation of the national economy ,and it is important for the sound development of agriculture and country economy .Having been developed and innovated for more than 20 years,the agricultural products of our nation have ended the era of the supply shortage ,and have come into the new stage ,in which the supply of some agricultural products surplus their demand ,and in generally the supply could meet demand.However,in the new stage of agricultural development ,most old contradictions and problems still exist,and most new ones have been emerging.Among these problems it is really exceptional that steady growth of farmers’income is very difficult,generally speaking ,it is the most important reason that the circulation of agricultural products don’t draw unhinderedly,therefore it is necessary to develop circulation organizations of agricultural products in china.Being a bridge connecting famers and market,the organizations comply with the characteristic of agricultural production and consumption ,and meet the demand that reducing the transaction costs and evading market risk.For further research ,this thesis selected the agricultural circulation organizations of the United States,Japan and France to carry on introduction and analysis.And our country can draw some lessons and experiences .Among the existing circulation organizations of agricultural products in our country , the integrated organization of production and sale is facing most problems ,for example ,its strength is weak,the relationship with famers is unstable,and lacking mordern managerial ideas etc.On the other hand ,the number of farmer’s brokers mushroomed in the recently decades,but there are still some problems to be resolved.Agricultural products wholesale market is a kind of circulation organization to serve for the wholesale of products.By futher analysis, this kind of organizations have great potentials,and farmer’s brokers should take part in cooperation to streagthen their competitive abilities. Farmer cooperative organizations are farmers’own organization,its’characteristics is that operation efficiency is higher,transaction costs is lower .Therefore this thesis suggests to futher develop and perfect farmer cooperative organizations and other circulation organizations of agricultural products.In this thesis ,the author proposes that in our country the development of circulation organizations of agricultural products should keep to the following principles:persisting in household contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output,respecting farmers’desire, persevering in agricultural market principle and opening to the outside world .Finally,aiming at the existing problems of our country circulation organizations of agricultural products , this thesis proposes our government should construct infrastructure, perfect our legal system,and help farmers enhance their own capabilities etc.更多还原