【作者】 李斌；

【导师】 秦耀辰； 秦奋；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 交通运输在社会经济系统活动中具有重要作用。区域间依托交通运输业及其基础设施进行旅客和货物的交流,促进区域间劳动分工与合作,影响区域经济增长及区域经济结构。研究区域间空间运输联系,能够揭示空间相互作用规律,认识区域的开放性及其彼此的联系方向、强弱和特征,这对交通基础设施建设决策、客流规划调配、区域经济协调发展都有借鉴意义。河南省交通运输基础设施建设正处在高速发展阶段。交通运输基础设施条件的不断改善,对不同地域间交通运输联系产生多大影响?对运输联系的空间布局、演化产生怎样的影响?对不同地域间空间运输交流带来怎样的变化?正是基于这些问题,本文根据空间运输理论对河南省公路客运进行实证研究。通过对河南省公路客运的生成规律、增长规律、分布规律和交流规律的系统研究,揭示河南省公路客流的地域联系特征及其演化趋势。本文利用ArcGIS软件,整合河南省空间数据与交通运输联系的属性数据,建立了数据库。利用调查的客运O—D数据和统计数据,通过AO+VBA在ArcMap平台上对模型编程设计,运算生成了河南省空间运输联系网络图,从而确定河南省公路客运空间联系模式。运用重力模型对河南省各县(市)的运输联系势能进行潜力分析,通过潜力运算结果和公路客运量的对比,分析了区域运输联系的发展状况,提出河南省公路客运优先发展区域。本文得出的结论如下:(1)河南省各地市公路客运水平与经济发展水平基本相适应,存在明显的正相关,但也有着不协调的情况。(2)各地市公路客运量和周转量的增长率并非一致,而是存在较大差异。河南省整体经济增长速度快于公路客运水平的增长速度。(3)从客运量和GDP的分布比来看,河南省中、东部差异较大。从非均衡系数来看,河南省各地市GDP的发展更加趋于不均衡;人口的非均衡系数基本保持不变;客运量及其周转量的非均衡系数上下波动较大,且呈现变化趋势一致的特征。(4)地级城市一般都作为管辖县、市的首位连接城市。郑州市作为省会极化效应明显,辐射范围波及全省。河南省公路客运量的距离衰减规律明显,客流量随距离衰减较快,说明区域间短途流所占比重较大。(5)强度模型中,豫中区是河南省的绝对联系中心,从区域内部联系来看,豫北区的联系强度最大。重力模型中,2007年,郑州市的吸引作用更加明显,洛阳市的地位相比有所下降。节点连接图中可以看出,区域连接关系呈明显的轴—辅系统特征。(6)通过潜能和交流量对比,得到了从西北的济源市到东南的周口市、从濮阳市到洛阳市两条优先发展带。(7)GIS工具对空间运输联系问题的分析优势明显,在研究空间运输联系的指标计算、模型选取、结果输出等方面都起到有力支撑作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The transportation plays an important role in the social economic activities. Relying on regional transportation and its infrastructure, the exchange of passengers and goods promote inter-regional division and cooperation of labor, and affect regional economic growth and regional economic structure. Research on inter-regional transport links in space is able to reveal the interaction laws of space, the awareness of the regional opening degree and the direction, strength and characteristics of inter-regional links with each other.Construction of transport infrastructure in Henan Province is in a high-speed stage of development. How does the continuously improved transportation infrastructure influence inter-regional spatial transport linkages? How does it affect the spatial distribution and evolution of transport linkages? How does it change the inter-regional transport flows? Considering these problems, this article studied the spatial transport linkage of highway passenger in Henan province according to the spatial transport theories. In this paper, the regularities of formation, growth, distribution and exchange of highway passenger in Henan province are studied. The results revealed the characteristics of inter-regional linkages and the trend of spatial evolution.This paper integrates the attribute data and spatial data of transport linkages in Henan by ArcGIS software. In order to generate spatial transportation network diagram of Henan province, it uses AO+VBA to program on models in Arcmap with passenger transport O-D data and statistical data, and finally determine the pattern of spatial transport linkage of hignway passenger in Henan province.Using gravity model to Henan Province various counties (cities) the transportation relation potential energy carries on the potential analysis, by the comparison of the operation result and the passenger flows, it has analyzed the development of regional transport linkages, given priority to development the region of Henan Province highway passenger transportation.The conclusions are as follows:(1) Around the city of Henan Province, the highway passenger traffic level and the economic development level have an obvious positive correlation, but also has a little poor co-ordination.(2) The growth rate of Passenger Traffic and Turnover Volume is not consistent in the whole Henan City, but there is a big difference. Whole economy in Henan’s increasing speed is quicker than passenger transportation level in the highway of growth speed.(3) In regard to the distribution proportions of Passenger Traffic and GDP, in Henan Province, Central part and the east have very different. The unbalanced coefficient shows around the city of Henan, the development of GDP tend to be more uneven. The unbalanced coefficient of population remains basically unchanged. The unbalanced coefficient of passenger traffic and turnover volume volatile from top to bottom, and it presents the change tendency consistent characteristic.(4) Usually, the prefecture-level cities are the primary linkage city of counties and cities which it rules over. As the provincial capital of Henan, Zhengzhou shows an obviously polarization effect. And its Radiation range covers over the whole province. Spatial attenuating tendency of highway Passenger Traffic in Henan province is very obvious. Passenger Traffic with the distance reduces very quickly. It explains that the short distance passenger traffic account for a large proportion.(5) In intensity model, the central part of Henan is the absolute links center. From the region internal relations, the northern part of Henan has the biggest Contact intensity. In gravity model, Zhengzhou’s agglomeration effect is more obvious, compared to the status of Luoyang City declined in 2007. The node connection graph shows the connection of regional relationship has the characteristics of Hub-and-Spoke System.(6) Comparison of regional potential and the exchange of traffic, we can see that the two regions, from Jiyuan city to Zhoukou City and from Puyang City to Luoyang City, are priority development zone.(7) GIS tools for geo-spatial analysis have obvious advantages. It plays a strong supporting role in the calculation of indicators, the model selected, the results of the output, etc.更多还原