【作者】 孙李英；

【导师】 牛保义；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文旨在发掘通感意义解读中存在的认知机制,为其提供一个合理的意义解读范式。英语中的synaesthesia或synaesthetic metaphors既是美学和修辞学术语,也是语言学术语,在汉语中通常称之为“通感”。通感(synaesthesia)一词源于希腊语,意指感觉的混合,一个感觉域向另一个感觉域的挪移。论文里从中国古诗词中选取的通感语料可以分为单一通感和复合通感。传统上对通感的分析主要是强调通感的美学效果和修辞功能,而很少会讨论通感意义解读中的认知操作。尽管近来有些学者开始从认知的角度用概念合成理论来分析通感建构和解读的认知过程。但是该理论提供的合成网络模型无法完全解释在通感意义解读中存在的输入空间向合成空间的选择性映射。本文在此基础上提出了含有过滤程序的基于通感的合成网络模型,这一模型在通感意义解读方面比前者更具有操作性。在通感网络模型中,其意义解读的运作程序首先是两输入空间之间的的映射,类指空间含有两输入空间共享的并且通常是更为抽象的常见结构和组织,规定了输入空间之间的映射。接着就是过滤这一认知过程,它将依据语境从五个方面过滤掉与两输入空间中无关的信息,保留有关的信息:语境直接过滤掉无关的信息,保留有关的信息;语境使意义单一化;语境使意义具体化;语境解决字面意义冲突,挖掘出暗含意义;语境使意义更完美。最后两输入空间动态的、有选择性的映射到合成空间,并在合成空间里通过“组合”、“完善”、“扩展”三个彼此关联的心理认知过程的交互作用而产生新显结构。新显结构的产生过程也是通感意义的解读过程。这一模型在三个典型的通感实例中的应用证实,该模型在通感意义解读方面具有可行性和有效性。本文共五章。第一章是本文的一个简要的概述,简要说明了通感这一语言现象,然后指出把通感作为本文研究对象的原因,接着又提出研究的中心问题。最后,又对本文的理论框架、研究目标、意义和方法作了说明。第二章从修辞学、美学和认知三个角度回顾了前人对通感的研究,并对其进行评价,提出自己的研究意图。第三章主要讨论了通感的分类。本文根据通感的方向性和感觉的种类,把通感分成单一通感和复合通感两大类。接着本文又增加了一种感觉,并对其进行了论述。第四章详细论述了本文的理论框架。首先简要介绍了Fauconnier的概念合成理论,然后又以实例论述了Fauconnier提出的概念合成网络模型。在此基础上,我们提出了带有过滤程序的通感网络模型。第五章把通感网络模型应用到解读三个典型的通感实例中。最后一章是结论,对整个论文的论述进行总结并提出本文的局限性。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper intends to explore the mechanism of synaesthesia’s interpretation from the cognitive perspective and offer a reasonable paradigm for interpreting synaesthetic metaphors.Synaesthesia (synaesthetic metaphors), a term of aesthetics, rhetoric and linguistics, is often called "通感" in Chinese. The word "synaesthesia" is believed to have originated from ancient Greek, which means a mixing of sensations, a transfer from one domain to another. Synaesthetic metaphors in this paper, extracted from classical Chinese poetry, fall into two groups, namely, single synaesthetic metaphor and composite synaesthetic metaphor.Traditional studies of synaesthesia lay much emphasis on its aesthetic effects and rhetorical functions rather than its cognitive operations involved in its interpretation. Although some scholars apply Conceptual Blending Theory to the study of synaesthesia in order to investigate the cognitive process of uttering and understanding synaesthesia (Xin Yan 2004, Lian Jingjing 2007, Wang Yuhong 2008, Wang Xiang 2008), there are limitations in interpreting synaesthetic metaphors within the network model of Conceptual Blending Theory with respect to selective projection from the inputs onto the blend in blending, hence a more applicable synaesthesia-based network model with the addition of filtering put forward in this study.In the synaesthesia-based network model, the whole process of conceptual blending involves firstly mapping between the inputs manipulated by the generic space with some common, usually more abstract, structure and organization shared by the inputs, and the cognitive process of filtering which constrains and facilitates the projection from the inputs onto the blend by filtering away something irrelevant by means of context in five aspects: sifting out some irrelevant elements and keeping some relevant ones directly, singularizing meaning, specifying meaning, solving the literal conflicts and eliciting the implied meaning as well as perfecting meaning, then the selective projection onto the blend in which the emergent structure is constructed in three interrelated mental operations—composition, completion and elaboration. The construction process of emergent structure is the process of interpretation. Then the synaesthesia-based network model is certified in the interpretation of three typical examples of synaesthesia.This paper consists of five chapters. The first chapter is an introduction, which gives synaesthesia a brief definition and explains the reasons for choosing synaesthesia as the topic of this study. After that, the key research questions of the paper are raised, followed by the theoretical framework, objective and significance as well as methodology.Chapter Two is a literary review concerning synaesthesia, mainly from rhetorical perspective, aesthetic perspective and cognitive perspective, accompanied by comments on the previous studies of synaesthesia.Chapter Three mainly classifies the collected synaesthetic metaphors into single synaesthetic metaphor and composite synaesthetic metaphor on the basis of the number of the senses involved and directionality of synaesthesia as well as classification of sense modality. Furthermore, additional sense modality is proposed and analyzed.Chapter Four is devoted to expounding the theoretical framework of this paper. Starting from a brief introduction to Fauconnier’s blending theory, this chapter illustrates the blending process with a concrete example under the network model offered by Fauconnier. Based on Fauconnier’s blending network model, a synaesthesia-based blending network model with the process of filtering is put forward.Chapter Five analyzes the interpreting process of synaesthesia by walking through three typical synaesthetic metaphors within the synaesthesia-based network model.The last chapter is a conclusion, which summarizes the whole analysis and states the limitations of this study.更多还原