【作者】 李文；

【导师】 夏泽中；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 无刷直流电动机具有普通直流电动机结构简单、运行可靠和维护方便等一系列优点,还具备交流电机运行效率高、无励磁损耗及调速性能好等诸多优点,现已广泛应用于工业控制的各个领域。无刷直流电动机采用高磁性材料和电子换向原理,克服了有刷直流电动机换向器带来的可靠性和可维护性差的缺点,保持了直流电动机的良好控制性能。将无位置传感器无刷直流电动机系统运用在汽车燃油泵驱动,即提高了油泵的寿命,又增强了油泵运行的稳定性,是未来汽车技术发展趋势之一。本文对集成化无刷直流电机及其控制系统进行设计与研究。在对永磁无刷直流电动机控制系统的发展及应用综述的基础上,详细介绍了无刷直流电动机的结构和工作原理,介绍了反电动势法检测电动机转子位置的工作原理。在对不同的设计方案对比后,选择了符合本设计要求的系统硬件,软件和机械结构的设计方案。接着详细阐述了集成无刷直流电动机系统结构的设计,包括油泵结构的设计和无刷直流电动机本体的设计。然后对集成无刷直流电动机控制系统的硬、软件设计作了详细论述。以Microchip公司的dsPIC30F4012芯片为控制核心,设计了无刷直流电动机主逆变电路、电流电压采样电路、驱动及保护电路,并详细介绍了系统硬件电路板的布局策略。系统的软件设计中,主要研究和设计了电动机起动策略,还着重介绍了主循环程序,速度电流环子程序,ADC模块子程序等子程序。最后运用MATLAB/SIMULINK建立了无位置传感器无刷直流电动机控制系统仿真模型,给出了转速、转矩、反电动势的仿真波形。并在实验样机上得出了比较详尽的试验结果,分析了运行时的波形图,与理论分析结果具有很好的一致性,验证了控制系统设计的可行性和无位置传感器运行方式的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 BLDCM has been widely used in industrial applications because this motor not only has the merit of the DC motor for high performance and easy control but also has the merit of the AC induction motor for simple structure,reliable operation and easy maintenance.Appling integrated brushless DC motor in the vehicle’s fuel pump, which can increase fuel pump’s life span and improve its performance,is a future tendency and has good economic benefits and market potential.On the basis of the summary for developments and applications of brushless DC motor control system,the thesis introduces the structure and operational principle of BLDCM,then presents the mathematical models,and discusses the method of BLDCM rotor position detection which tests the Back-EMF signal.After comparing several design plans,then determine the design schemes for the hardware, software and system structure for this system.In the next chapters,firstly elaborate the system mechanism;include fuel pump’s structure and BLDCM’s structure,and figure out the mechanical properties and operational parameter.Then,the hardware and software design of the digital control system is dissertated in detail.The controller of the hardware of the system is built by using the dsPIC30F4012 as the microprocessor.The design of detail circuit includes:the inverter,the Back-EMF signal detection circuit,current detection circuit,drive circuit,the protection circuit and the layout of PCB.The software of the system includes:BLDCM’s start-up program,the phase switching program and so on,the ADC serve program and the control of current and speed.Finally,the thesis presents the simulation model of a BLDCM control system by using MATLAB/SIMULNK.By the model,the electromagnetic torque,rotate speed and back electromotive force cures are presented.Also testify the validity of the brushless operation model and prove the rationality of the control system on the experimental BLDCM with the waveform in detail.更多还原