【作者】 李红艳；

【导师】 刘群；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 护理学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究旨在了解社区居民血脂异常状况,通过健康教育让社区居民了解血脂异常的基本知识,改变不良的生活方式,控制血脂异常,提高生活质量。将来吉林大学第一医院体检中心体检的人员按字母分E组为实验组、C组为对照组,E组选择血脂异常人群150例,C组选择血脂异常人群100例。年龄27-76岁,实验组进行为期6个月的健康教育,对照组采取常规教育。6个月后自愿填写问卷为213人,流失37人。两组在健康教育前、健康教育满6个月时填写生活方式问卷、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表同时测量各项生化指标及体格检查。经过6个月的综合干预后,实验组与对照组比较腰围、甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇P<0.05,总胆固醇P<0.01差异显著。实验组甘油三脂与干预前比较P<0.05,体重指数、腰围、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与干预前比较P<0.01。对照组6个月后甘油三脂的自身比较P<0.05,但数值增大提示血脂异常加重。通过健康教育,使受教育的人群了解血脂异常的基本知识,采纳有益于健康的生活方式,主要包括合理膳食和规律运动。健康教育使受教育人群血脂异常得到控制,对心、脑血管疾病的发生、发展起到积极的预防作用。健康教育使社区居民保持健康心态,以积极的态度应对各种事件,主动寻找社会支持系统,有利于各种疾病的一级预防。健康教育具有成本低,影响面大,效果良好等优点,符合WHO向全世界推荐的疾病整体预防的观念,有利于医疗、护理模式的转变。更多还原

【Abstract】 The death of the monitoring data of the Ministry of Health show that over the past 30 years caused by atherosclerosis of the cerebrovascular disease and heart disease has become a leading cause of death in people, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease deaths in the total proportion of 30% ~ 40% in the the death of people in urban and rural areas for men and women ,were classified as priority one. Dyslipidemia is a major cardiovascular disease risk factors; is the development of a very important factor of atherosclerotic disease. Through accelerated atherosclerosis body, hidden on the body caused by gradual, progressive, systemic and structural damage. Human behavior and a number of unhealthy lifestyle have resulted dyslipidemia as a risk factor for disease. With the social and economic development, people’s living standards and lifestyle changes, the vast majority of infectious diseases have been effectively controlled, the residents of the disease also occurred in a significant change in lifestyle diseases increases every year, often belong to see disease and frequently-occurring disease. According to the country in December 2004 published "China’s nutrition and health survey", dyslipidemia prevalence was 18.6%, is suffering from the number of 1.6 million, an average of lipid levels and the crowd is gradually increased, from age, the lipid increasing trend was younger, seriously affecting the efficiency of the residents and the quality of life, has become the major health problems of residents. Dyslipidemia lifestyle intervention is an effective therapy, health education is the best way to intervene in the way of life. Health education is a planned, purposeful, and evaluation of educational activities is the core of their education through the dissemination of health knowledge and behavior intervention, change people’s unhealthy behavior, improving people’s health.Objective: The aim of this research is to know the new data about the situation of dyslipidemia in community residants.Through the health education make the community residants master the health knowledge about dyslipidemia ,so as to change the lifestyle.To control dyslipidemia and improve the quality of life.Method:Residents who came to the medical center in the 1st hospital of Jilin university have been done the physical examinication were randomly divided into E group(experimental group), C group (control group) in alphabetical order.E group select 150 cases of abnormal blood lipids, C group of people to choose one hundred cases of dyslipidemia. Age 27-76 years old, the experimental group take for a 6-month health education and regular education to take control group. 6 months after completing the questionnaires voluntary was 213, the loss of 37.The former two groups in health education, health education at age 6 months to complete lifestyle questionnaires, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and SSRS. Biochemical measurements and physical examination were observed and recorded at the same time.Result Simple random sample of eight units of medical personnel for the study, a total of 1862 cases, of which the number of 989 cases of abnormal blood lipids, accounting for 53.11% of the total number. Before health education ,the general study of the experimental group, the control group showed no statistically significant difference.Before intervention the experimental group and the control group body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between two groups showed no statistical significance.After 6 months integrated intervention the experimental group with the control group to compare waist circumference, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol P <0.05, the difference was statistically significant; total cholesterol P <0.01 significant difference. The experimental group’triglyceride pre-intervention self-comparison was P <0.05, statistically significant difference; body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with their pre-intervention P <0.01 significant difference.After six months ,the control group the body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with their pre-intervention both P> 0.05 no significant difference; triglyceride comparison of their pre-intervention was P <0.05 statistically significance difference, but the numerical increase prompted heavier dyslipidemia.Pre-intervention compared two groups of partial meat diet, migraine Su-no statistical significance; the experimental group after 6 months of dietary intervention and the control group to compare partial meat group P <0.05 significant difference; partial Su-P <0.01 difference significant. Comparison of the experimental group self-catering meat migraine, migraine Su-all P <0.05 significant difference; the control group after 6 months compared with the beginning of their own P> 0.05 no significant difference.Intervention in the experimental group before and after the campaign compared the number of its own, the number of people participating in sport from 55.12% up to 92.91%, P <0.01 significant difference; control group, movement began to the end of the number of self-comparison, the number of people participating in sport from 59.30 % to 55.81%, P> 0.05 no significant difference.Choice of movement ,the experimental group’s self-comparison, running, walking were P <0.05 significant difference; domestic was P <0.01 significant difference; the control group compared with the beginning of exercise were P> 0.05 no significant difference.After 6 months health education ,experimental group’s self-comparison smoking and drinking were P> 0.05 no significant difference; control group from beginning to the end of self-comparison were P> 0.05 no significant difference.SCSQ inclouds positive response and negative response. Pre-intervention two groups of SCSQ, positive response and negative response of group comparison were both P> 0.05 no significant difference; After six months of psychological intervention ,the positive response of group comparison wasP <0.05 statistically significant difference, negative response of group comparison was P> 0.05 no significant difference. Experimental group’s positive response compared with own pre-intervention P <0.01 significant differences, the negative response compared with their pre-intervention P> 0.05 no significant difference; control group’s self-comparison were P> 0.05 no significant difference.SSRS inclouds subjective support,objective support, avilability and total score . Pre-intervention two groups of SSRS , experimental group and control group’s group comparison were P> 0.05 no significant difference. After 6 months psychological intervention ,two groups’ group comparison were P> 0.05 no significant difference. Subjective support for the experimental group compared with their own pre-intervention P <0.05 the difference was statistically significant, others were P> 0.05 no significant difference; the control group compared with the beginning of the subjective support, objective support, availability, the total scores were P> 0.05 no statistically significant difference.. Conclution 1. Through health education, access to education so that people understand the basic knowledge of dyslipidemia, the adoption of healthy lifestyles, including a reasonable diet and regular exercise.2. Health education have made education crowd control dyslipidemia.It play a positive role in prevention for heart, cerebrovascular disease.3. Health education maintain the community residents a healthy mind, a positive attitude to deal with variety of events, take the initiative to find a social support system and conducive to the primary prevention of various diseases.4. Health education with low cost, the large impact, the advantages of good effect,is in line with the WHO recommended to the world the concept of disease prevention overall and is conducive to medical, nursing model.更多还原