【作者】 李毅；

【导师】 杨仁斌；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 清洁发展机制(CDM)是《京都议定书》规定的发达国家与发展中国家之间的项目级的合作机制,CDM项目的目标之一就是促进发展中国家的可持续发展。在《京都议定书》的第十二条阐释的CDM允许发达工业国家或者经济实体在发展中国家开展温室气体减排项目并据此获得“经核证的减排量”(CERs)。发达工业国家可以用获得的CERs来抵减本国的温室气体的减排义务,这样不但对环境有着重要的意义,CDM项目也为发达国家节约减排成本和为发展中国家发展提供资金与技术,实现了环境、发展中国家、发达国家三方共赢。正是如此CDM项目的开发和能力建设成为一个热点问题,然而中国CDM项目申报较多,但申报成功率不高,本文尝试将可持续发展理论引入CDM项目的评价之中,对CDM项目评价的理论、机制、方法和应用进行研究,以期形成一套完整的CDM项目评价的理论、方法和应用体系,并对我国今后CDM项目的申报和项目的培育与改进提供参考和借鉴。水电等可再生能源项目是国家CDM项目优先开发方向,本文以水电CDM项目评价为研究对象,以可持续发展为基本指导思想,建立起水电CDM项目的可持续发展三大指标评价体系:经济发展评价、社会进步评价和环境改善评价,构建了基于可持续发展理论的水电CDM项目评价体系的基本框架。然后结合水电CDM项目的特点,运用网络层次分析法建立可持续发展指标权重评价模型,采用最新的超级决策软件对指标权重进行求解,再利用模糊综合评价法来建立起水电CDM项目模糊评价模型。最后结合湖南省祁阳县晒北滩水电CDM项目进行了实证分析,结论表明,祁阳县晒北滩水电CDM项目处于基本可持续阶段,并据此进行了项目可持续发展方面的诊断,得出需要改进和注意的方面。同时文章对可持续发展理论在水电CDM项目的应用价值与应用条件和需要改进的地方作了系统阐述,并就其应用前景作了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) adopted by Kyoto Protocol under UNFCCC provides an international cooperation mechanism based on projects between developed countries and developing countries, and one of its goals is to promote sustainable development of the developing countries. Kyoto Protocol Article 12.2 concerning the explanation of the CDM permits the industrialized countries or economic entities to develop the projects that can reduce the emission of the greenhouse gas, in developing countries and accordingly to get the CERs .The developed industrialized countries can use the obtained CERs to decrease the duty of reducing the emission of the greenhouse gas. This is very available for industrialized countries to get the certified emission reductions by develop projects in developing countries. At the same time, it generates great business opportunities to developing countries and develops significant environment benefit. Developing countries can also obtain the fund and the advanced technical support to achieve sustainable development. It will achieve the trilateral benefits of the environment, developing countries and the developed countries. Building and developing CDM has become a hotspot.The reported CDM projects of China is plenty, but registered is deficient. This paper attempts to introduce sustainable development theory in to the evaluation of CDM hydropower projects, and uses it to establish evaluation theory , mechanism, measures and application system of CDM hydropower projects. That will provide references and suggestions to CDM projects’ cultivation and improvement.Hydropower is priority to developing aspect in CDM projects. The paper creates three sustainable evaluation index systems of CDM hydropower projects economic development index systems, social advancement index system, and environmental improvement index system. Then, according to the characteristics of CDM hydropower projects, the paper forms the CDM hydropower project’s evaluation system framework, which is based on sustainable development theory, presents ANP mathematics model for acquiring the weight values, and shows super decision software to solve this model. It also creatively uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation approach to create evaluation model of CDM projects.Still, the paper demonstrates QiYang county ShaiBeiTan hydropower project, and draws a conclusion that it is in basic sustainable development. According to the result, we carry out a general diagnosis for the project to find out the aspects that need to be improved and paid enough attention to. Finally, the paper systematically explains the application value and condition of sustainable development theory in large-scale hydraulic Projects, and also expects its application foreground.更多还原