【作者】 邹容；

【导师】 周卫军；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 农业遥感与资源利用， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市发展,城市环境和可持续发展问题已成为人们关注的焦点。对目前城市环境质量和可持续发展进行科学评价,可为提高城市居民的生活质量,改善城市环境,促进城市可持续发展提供依据。本研究以长沙市为例,采用实地调查、空间分析与时间分析、数学模型、信息技术等方法,研究和分析了长沙市城市环境质量特征和可持续发展的必要性,并对其进行了综合评价,主要结果如下:1.长沙市城市演变实现了非理性向理性发展,土地利用结构日趋合理化。工业仓储用地与对外交通用地比重逐步下降,工业仓储用地面积由4.48%(1979年)下降到2.72%(2006年),对外交通用地面积由4.27%(1979年)下降到2.79%(2006年);居住、绿地、道路广场用地则逐步上升,居住用地面积由21.2%(1979年)上升到25.5%(2006年),绿地面积由3.18%(1979年)上升到8.77%(2006年),道路广场用地面积由2.05%(1979年)上升到10.03%(2006年)。但是,各阶段城市用地扩展人口弹性指数均大于合理水平1.12,第一、二阶段高达2.48、3.22。2.长沙市城市环境的大气污染物主要为可吸入颗粒物与二氧化硫,可吸入颗粒物与二氧化硫污染趋势有所减缓,可吸入颗粒物年均排放量由0.237mg/m~3(1996年)下降到0.110mg/m~3(2006年),二氧化硫年均排放量由0.125mg/m~3(1996年)下降到0.083mg/m~3(2006年)但仍是困扰长沙市城市发展的主要大气污染物。3.长沙市经济环境质量稳步发展,2006年GDP达到1700多亿元,第三产业生产总值达到884多亿元。目前,三大产业比例模式:第三产业＞第二产业＞第一产业。4.长沙市城市质量与城市可持续发展评价结果显示:压力系统中工业粉尘排放总量是影响长沙市城市环境的主因子,压力系统综合得分由-5.32(1999年)上升到3.67(2006年);状态系统中第三产业总值是影响长沙市经济发展的主因子,其综合得分由-4.57(1999年)上升到4.67(2006年);响应系统中园林绿地面积是影响长沙市城市人居环境的主因子,其综合得分由-5.57(1999年)上升到4.37(2006年)。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the city development,city environment and sustainable development is becoming the focus of research.Therefore,both the city environment quality and sustainable development were evaluated scientifically,in order to improve living quality of city residents, control city environment and promote city sustainable development,both the characteristics of environment quality and the necessity of sustainable development on Changsha City were studied and discussed using the method of the local investigation,space analyses and time analyses,mathematical model,information technology,and theirs synthetically evaluation was carried out.The research results showed as follows:1.The characteristic of Changsha City development changed from out-of-order to well-regulated.Along with the time,the land using structure was fond of rationalization.The propotion of industrial storage land and external traffice land decreased,the percentage of industrial storage land changed from 4.48%（1979） to 2.72%（2006）,the percentage of external traffice land from 4.27%（1979） to 2.79%（2006）,but the the propotion of resident land,greenbelt and street and square increased,the percentage of resident land turned from 21.2%（1979） to 25.5%（2006）,greenbelt from 3.18%（1979） to 8.77%（2006） and the street and square from 2.05%（1979） to 10.03%（2006）.However,the city land expandation and population flexibility indexes was all above the reasonable level（1.12） in every stage,the first and the second are up to 2.48 and 3.22,resptctively.2.Main air pollutant of Changsha City were PM₁₀ and SO₂,the decreased trend of PM₁₀ and SO₂ pollution were observed,the average emission amout of year of PM₁₀ changed from 0.125mg/m³（1996） to 0.083mg/m³（2006）,but theirs ones were still the main pollutant in Changsha City.3.The economy environmental quality developed steadily in Changsha City,GDP was up to 170000 million yuan（RMB）,and the the tertiary-industry was up to 88400 million yuan（RMB） in 2006.And now the order of industry production value was tertiary-industry＞secondary -industry＞primary-industry.4.The result of city quality and sustainable development evaluation in Changsha show that: the total industrial dust was the mainly factor which affect the city quality of Changsha,its synthesized scores changed from -5.32（1999） to 3.67（2006） in pressure system.The total value of tertiary industry was the mainly factor which affect the economic development of Changsha, its synthesized scores turned from -4.57（1999） to 4.67（2006） in state system.The greenbelt area was the mainly factor which affect the human lives environment,its synthesized scores changed from -5.57（1999） to 4.37（2006） in response system.更多还原