【作者】 唐颖；

【导师】 柏连阳；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 植物保护， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 提高农作物病虫害的监测水平,对维护我国粮食安全,保护生态环境有着重要意义。作为一种大面积、快速、无破坏、无污染的新兴监测技术,基于无线传感器网络的病虫害实时监测能实现经济、社会、生态效益的统一。本文以水稻病虫害监测为例,研究了无线传感器网络技术在病虫害监测中的应用。本研究的主要内容有:1、无线传感器网络在病虫害监测中的应用。通过农作物病虫害发生的状况和特点进行分析,发现农作物病虫害流行存在很大的地域差异,因此选择湖南省内广泛种植的水稻进行研究,结合无线传感器网络技术,建立了基于WSN的病虫害监测实时监测原型。2、生境因子的监测。以湖南地区近年来的气象资料和病害发生率为研究对象。通过对月平均气温、月平均最高气温、月平均最低气温、月降水量与水稻常见病虫害发生率的相关分析,总结出湖南地区水稻病虫害发生的主要生境因子是某些月份的平均最高气温,而降水量对病虫害发生程度的影响不大,并对原因进行了简要分析。3、选择并设计了基于WSN的病虫害监测系统中监测结点相关的硬件和软件。从结点的扩展性、灵活性、稳定性、低成本等方面出发,研究了WSN中的传感器种类、采集精度、采样频率、无线传输频段、传输距离、数据收发速率,处理器功耗、计算能力等方面的硬件需求。选择了适合于病虫害监测应用的嵌入式操作系统,设计合理的监测任务流程,并在各个层面进行了优化设计。研究结果表明,基于WSN的病虫害监测系统具有节约资源、实时性强、数据精确、扩展性高等优点,是无线传感器网络在农业方面的一个典型应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 It has important significance to improve monitoring the diseases and pest level and to maintain food security and ecological environment protection in China. As a large, fast, no damage, no pollution monitoring technology, real time monitoring based on wireless sensor networks can realize the unity of the economy, society and environment. In this paper, we take rice diseases and pest monitoring as a case, the method of the application of WSN technology in pest monitoring was studied.1. WSN application in diseases and pest monitoring. There is a distinct difference on the chlorophyll content between the disease and health leaves after analyzing. Therefore WSN technology is used to monitoring the disease leaves. Combined with the measured chlorophyll content, the model of crop diseases and pest monitoring based on wireless sensor networks is constructed. The model can be used evaluating the extent of the diseases of rice.2. Habitat factor monitoring. Through the correlation analysis between the average temperature, average maximum temperature, average minimum temperature and the rate of the rice, the results indicate that: the main habitat factor influence the diseases of rice occurrence is the month average maximum temperature in January, February, June and July, while the influence of the precipitation is less. Also causes a brief analysis. A forecasting model of the diseases of rice occurrence is established according to the historical material, which can as the assistance method to monitoring the diseases of rice.3. Hardware and software of WSN. According to the hardware architecture of WSN node, the processor module, wireless communication module, sensor modules and energy supply module of node have been designed. At the same time, according to the requirement of low cost, a new WSN node has been designed to optimize the performance of node. The agriculture remote monitoring system, using the nodes designed above, has run long-term in agricultural base of Hunan suburbs. The sensor nodes in this system have acquired the temperature, light, air humidity and other information.Through the analysis and evaluation of test data, time delay, network flux and other information in this system, this system has been proved feasibility and effectiveness. At last, it also summarizes the paper’s main task and anticipates the more research aspects.更多还原