【作者】 高晶；

【导师】 徐可欣；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 测试计量技术与仪器， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 光子学及其技术广泛应用或渗透到生物科学和医学的诸多方面,其研究成果为人类解决心血管疾病、癌症等病症的早期诊断提供了可能。光子学及其技术,不仅要求理论模型、实验方法的发展与完善,而且对模拟生物组织光传输的组织光学仿体提出了更高的要求。本文以应用于无创血糖检测研究中的皮肤组织光学仿体为目标,展开研究。首先,综合分析了组织光学仿体各组成物质的化学、光学特性,结合本课题研究目标,确定仿体设计方案为基体(明胶)、散射剂(二氧化钛)、吸收剂(无水硫酸铜)。并通过定性实验研究,规范并优化仿体标准制备流程。制备重复性实验结果表明:仿体吸收系数μa的标准偏差值小于平均值的0.98%,约化散射系数μs’的标准偏差值小于平均值的0.53%,制备重复性良好。本文结合理论分析与定量实验研究,归纳仿体光学参数预定公式。验证实验结果表明:仿体吸收参数μa的相对误差约为11.1%,约化散射系数μs’的相对误差小于2%,仿体光学参数实验测量值与预定值之间具有较为理想的一致性,预定公式对于散射特性的定量预测更为准确。其次,系统分析了无创血糖检测所涵盖的主要研究内容。通过对微观粒子光散射模型的理论分析及实验研究,考察葡萄糖浓度变化对仿体光学参数的影响关系。实验结果,就变化趋势而言,与理论分析完全一致。葡萄糖浓度变化引起仿体约化散射系数的相对变化比例δμs’=0.645%mM-1,与Maier等人所进行在体实验结果δμs’=0.583%mM-1较为接近。同时,匀质、异质仿体的蒙特卡罗数值模拟结果亦表明,仿体光学参数变化(由葡萄糖浓度变化引起)导致光在仿体内传输规律变化,通过进一步对漫反射光的统计特性分析,可得出葡萄糖浓度的相关信息,从而初步验证了仿体应用于无创血糖检测研究中的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The photonics and its technology have been widely applied in the fields of bioscience and medical science. Its development and its achievements will much more help to early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease and cancer, so as to improve human survival conditions and survival quality. The development of photonics requires development of theoretical models and experimental procedures, as well as tissue equivalent phantoms. Our aim is to develop a stable and reproducible phantom whose optical properties can be predetermined and match those of human skin tissue at the selected wavelength (λ=1310nm). This skin equivalent optical phantom could be effectively applied in various research fields including non-invasive blood glucose sensing. In the work, preliminary study of the phantom and application of the phantom in non-invasive blood glucose sensing both have been discussed.In the first, an overview of tissue-simulating phantoms’compositions and properties is outlined, by separating matrix, scattering, and absorbing materials, and discussing the benefits and weaknesses in each category. Subsequently, a skin equivalent optical phantom is presented and characterized. The base material of the phantom is gelatin, in which TiO2 particles and Copper sulfate (CuSO4) are embedded as scatters and absorbers respectively. Optimize and standardize the phantom preparation procedures through qualitative experimental study. The optical coefficients of the samples, i.e., absorption coefficientsμa and reduced scattering coefficientsμs’, are determined by using a double-integrating-sphere system. The results obtained in preparation reproducibility experiment show that the standard deviation value of the absorption coefficients is less than 0.98% of its average value, and the standard deviation value of the reduced scattering coefficients is less than 0.53% of its average value. The preparation reproducibility is a great satisfaction. Conclude the optical coefficients predetermination equation according to theoretical analysis and quantitative experimental research. The results obtained in verification experiment show that the relative error of the absorption coefficient is about 11.1%, and the relative error of the reduced scattering coefficient is less than 2%, which means that an excellent agreement is obtained between experiment measurements and the predetermined value. The optical coefficients predetermination equation is more accurate for the predetermination of the reduced scattering coefficients.In the second, systematically analyze the main research contents in non-invasive blood glucose sensing. Investigate the influence of glucose concentration upon the optical coefficients of the phantoms by theoretical analysis and experimental research. The experimental results presented in this paper are in accordance with the theoretical analysis on the change trend. The relative change of the reduced scattering coefficient of the phantoms (δμs’) is 0.645%mM-1, which is close to that in the in-vivo experiment by Maier et al.(δμs’=0.583%mM-1). Furthermore, the Monte Carlo simulation results in homogeneous and heterogeneous phantoms show that glucose concentration has a significant influence upon the transport of light in phantoms. And by the statistical analysis of the diffuse reflectance light, information about glucose in the phantoms can be extracted.更多还原