【作者】 张娟；

【导师】 简林莎；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 我国的高速公路经历了20年的发展,截止2007年底已经达到5.3×104km,稳居世界第二的位置。到2020年,我国高速公路网将形成总规模8.5×104km,接近于美国的高速公路总里程。为了充分发挥高速公路安全、舒适、快速、经济的营运特点,保持高速公路的使用性能,高速公路的养护工作越来越受到重视。而路面管理系统(PMS )是公路养护工作中的重要内容。PMS是一种科学的管理方式和辅助决策工具,能够有效改变传统的经验决策模式,发挥路面资源的最佳效益,保证路面管理决策的系统化、科学化和现代化。作为PMS的一个子系统,路面养护管理系统(PMMS)决策的关键是有效利用养护资金,使路面处于最佳服务水平或产生最大经济效益。随着我国高速公路建设的发展和高速公路网的逐渐形成,高速公路的养护管理问题显得越发突出和重要。由于目前我国尚缺乏统一的高速公路养护技术标准和规范,而且各地的高速公路养护管理模式都有所不同,因此论文的研究对高速公路自身和区域社会经济的可持续发展都具有重要的理论意义,对高速公路主管部门和具体养护部门的管理决策工作有积极的现实意义。文章针对我国高速公路路面养护管理的现状,从高速公路路面特征及高速公路养护的经济性两个角度进行分析,建立了路面养护资金分配优化模型,并结合四川省高速公路养护的现状,运用论文中提出的方法与模型,进行了网级路面养护决策的实例分析。论文研究的核心内容是高速公路网级路面养护的决策问题,其目标是在一定规划期内制定科学合理的路面养护维修计划和资金分配方案。首先根据各种决策方法在该领域的应用情况,构建了网级路面养护决策的主要框架;其次,对路面养护进行了需求分析和对策分析,提出了路面性能组合状态和组合状态转移概率的概念,提出了组合状态转移概率的计算确定方法;然后,将“加权偏差平方和最小”的多目标决策问题群排序方法应用于路面养护排序问题,确定路网中线路养护的优先顺序;最后,重点研究了高速公路网级路面养护资金分配优化问题,将动态规划的思想与马尔可夫决策规划的方法结合起来,建立了路面养护资金分配优化的马尔可夫决策规划模型(MDP模型),用线性规划组算法求解MDP模型,实现养护资金分配优化的目标。同时,论文还讨论了MDP模型最优解的存在性和采用线性规划方法求解的可行性,对路面养护资金分配优化的财政规划和项目规划问题两类模型,采用在切割面上求优的线性规划核心算法进行求解。更多还原

【Abstract】 The total mileage of expressway in China had reached 5.3*104km at the end of 2007 after 20 years’rapid development,which puts China in the second position in the world.The freeway network will reach 8.5*104km by 2020,approaching the USA in term of total mileage.The maintenance of motorway pavement is becoming more and more important in order to keep the performance of the road service in terms of safety,confort,speed and economics. Pavement Management System (PMS) is very important during the course of road maintenance.PMS is a kind of scientific management mode and a tool for assistant decision. It is distinct from the traditional decision mode that depends on human experience. So PMS is of benefit to the systematism, scientificity and modernization of the pavement management decision, and good for making best use of the pavement resource. Pavement Maintenance Management System (PMMS) is one of the subsystems of PMS. With the development of expressway construction and the gradual formation of expressway network in China,the problems about the maintenance of expressway have become more and more important and prominent. There is lack of uniform standard and criterion of expressway maintenance in China,and the expressway maintenance modes is different in different region. So the study in the thesis is of great significance to the sustainable development of expressway and regional economy. And it is of practical significance to the management decision-making work in maintenance management department and express management department.According to the present situation of maintenance management of China expressway, the maintenance management decision problems of network-level expressway in province region are regarded as the study objects. Based on the evaluation and prediction of pavement performance, the main frame of decision optimization of PMMS for network-level expressway is proposed.The optimization model of pavement maintenance fund allocation is established.The key content of the thesis is the decision optimization of PMMS for network-level expressway. The goal of the decision optimization is to establish the plan of the pavement maintenance and the scheme of the fund allocation. Firstly the main frame of study on decision optimization of PMMS for network-level expressway is proposed according to the application situation of the decision optimization methods in the field. Secondly the requirement and measure of PMM are analyzed. The concepts of combination state and the transition probability of the combination state of pavement performance are defined. The calculation method of transition probability of the combination state is studied- Then the method of minimizing the weighted sum of deviation square that is kind of group ranking method in mufti-object decision-making is used in the ranking of PMM The ranking of the pavemern maintenance for the different routes in the network is discussed. Finally the pavement maintenance fund allocation of network-level expressway is studied emphatically. Combination of the ideas of dynamic planning and Markov decision planning,the Markov Decision Planning (MDP) Model for the optimization of pavement maintenance fund allocation is established. At the same time, the existence of the optimum relation of MDP model and the feasibility of the calculation method applying linear planning method are discussed. The core arithmetic of linear planning according to optimum relation on cutting hyperplane is put forward. The core arithmetic is used in the two kinds of model, one is the financial planning, and the other is the project planning of the PMM fund allocation.更多还原