【作者】 薛涛；

【导师】 孙渊；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 时移地震是20世纪70年代中期产生、90年代得到飞速发展的一种现代油气藏动态监测(测试)和评价的方法,它是在油田开发阶段,利用不同时间测量的地震波场的运动学和动力学信息之间的差异变化来研究油气藏变化的一种有前景的方法。由于大多数情况下,时移地震都是通过重复三维地震进行的,因此国内外许多学者也将其称为四维地震,除三维时移观测外,还有许多其它的时移观测方法,如时移二维地震、时移井间地震、时移VSP等。显然,为实现油气藏的动态监测和快速评价,达到调整开发方案、提高油气藏采收率的目的,采用时移地震方法,同时利用岩石物理学、地质学、油气藏开发动态等资料进行综合分析和预测是非常必要的。论文在分析研究了时移地震的基本理论和方法技术,包括时移数据的归一化处理技术、地震储层参数反演方法技术、地震属性参数的提取及优化、时移属性的分析以及储层预测方法的基础上,结合LMD油田开发区块的实际四维地震资料、VSP测井资料以及钻井地质和开发动态资料,分析研究了开发区块反演方法技术的适应性和地震属性参数的敏感性,同时对反演储层参数和时移属性参数的变化特征进行了分析和研究,为开发区块利用时移地震信息进行储层剩余油预测奠定了基础。应用研究表明,针对油田开发区块,在四维地震数据的归一化处理和精细层位标定及追踪的基础上,利用随机模拟反演储层参数、多种地震属性参数包括时移属性参数,借助人工神经网络技术对储层的含流体性质进行综合展布预测,可获得较好的实际应用效果,充分表明了四维地震技术在油田开发阶段储层剩余油检测和监测中的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Time-lapse seismic--one of the hydrocarbon dynamic detection and evaluation methods--came into being in the middle 1970s and got rapid development in the 1990s.By this advanced method,we use the divergence and variety between the kinematic and dynamic data of the seismic wavefeild meatured in different time to research the hydrocarbon variation.In most cases, time-lapse seismic is taken by repeated 3D seismics,so it is also called 4D seismics.There are many other time-lapse observation methods besides the 3D time lapse seismic such as time lapse 2D seismics,time-lapse cross hole seismic,time-lapse VSP etc. Apparently, in order to achieve the hydrocarbon dynamic detection and fast evaluation as well as to reach the goals of adjusting the exploitation plan and raising the reservoir output coefficient,it is very necessary to use time-lapse seismic method and to take synthetical analysis by using petrophysical data,geologicaldata and reservoir exploitation dynamic state. The thesis expounds the theoretical bases and techniques of the time-lapse seismic,including time-lapse data normalization process,seismic reservoir parameters inversion,seismic attribution parametric extraction and optimization, time-lapse attribution analysis and reservoir predication methods.On this base,getting the practical 4D seismic data,the VSP well data,the well drilling geology data and exploition dynamic documents of LMD oil field development area,firstly,the thesis analyzes and researches the adaptiveness of the inversion methods and the sensibility of seismic attribution parameters in this development region and then the variable characters of the inversion reservoir and the time-lapse attribution parameters are analyzed and inquired.These behaviors lay a foundation for pre-determining the reservoir residual oil according to the time-lapse information in the development area.The applied survey shows that in the development area,on the base of the 4D seismic data normalization process and delicate horizon calibration and tracking,inverting reservoir parameters and many kind of seismic attribution parameters including time-lapse parameters by probabilistic simulation method while predicting the total distribution of the fluid in the reservoir by artificial neural network method.All of these can be improved by the preferable practical application effects. It indicates sufficiently that the 4D seismic method has a good feasibility on the reservoir residual oil detection and monitoring during the period of oilfield development.更多还原