【作者】 汤毅；

【导师】 王建伟；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 物流工程与管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 高速公路作为现代化的交通运输基础设施,其出现有力促进了社会经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高。随着高速公路在全球范围内的迅速发展,其重要地位和作用逐渐被人们所认识。目前国内在交通设施规划的相关理论与方法上,交通规划理论界对高速公路主体项目的研究比较多,但对于高速公路重要组成部分——高速公路服务设施的研究尚处于起步阶段。由于缺乏系统的理论与方法指导,我国高速公路服务区规划和建设暴露出一系列问题,使这一问题的研究变得更加迫切。基于此,笔者结合河北省交通厅科技计划项目《河北省高速公路服务设施适应性评价及综合布局规划理论与方法研究》展开本论文的研究。本文在分析高速公路服务区及其服务对象特点的基础上,采用理论方法与实践总结相结合的方法,探讨了高速公路服务区规划的相关理论和技术,重点研究了高速公路服务区驶入率测度模型和服务区规模推算方法两个关键技术问题。本文首先根据我国高速公路现状及发展规划,分析了高速公路服务区发展的现状,在对现有理论、方法进行回顾的基础上,指出了高速公路服务区规划理论和方法研究还很薄弱,提出本文的研究理论和现实意义。其次,在分析场论基础上提出了测算高速公路服务区驶入率的交通势理论。传统的研究通常是在调查的基础上根据驶入率的大小分成若干类型,属于外生的研究方法。本文通过对高速公路“交通场”的分析,揭示了驶入率产生的内在机理,建立了交通势模型。实例分析表明,交通势模型可较为准确地定量得出高速公路服务区驶入率结果。第三,本文建立了符合需求者到达规律的高速公路服务区规模推算模型。根据服务对象到达时间和服务时间的随机性特征,利用排队论方法建立了高速公路服务区排队模型,采用排队绩效指标定量地定义了服务区各功能设施服务水平,在设定服务区功能设施的配备需要达到的服务水平的限制下,利用相应的排队论模型推算得出最优的服务区规模。最后,论文结合河北省高速公路服务区规划项目,对本文研究成果进行了实证分析,旨在将创新的驶入率测算模型和规模推算方法引入高速公路服务区规划的应用之中。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a infrastructure of modernized transportation, the expressway improves the development of social economy and the living standards of the people. With the rapid development of the expressway in the world, its important status and function are known by people gradually. The domestic study on expressway mostly concentrate in such aspects as the planning, design, construction of its subject project at present. But the research of its important component, the expressway service facility, is still at the starting stage. A series of questions have exposed in the course of planning and construction of the service area of in our country. Because systematic theory and the method are short, we should make more urgent study on expressway service facility. Because of it, the writer spreads out research on the key technology of service area planning in the expressway basing on‘Hebei Province Communications Department Science and Technology Project and the Study on Theory and Method of Expressway Service Area Compatibility Appraisal and Synthesis Plan Layout’. Based on analyzing the characteristics of the expressway service area and the service object, the paper approach relevant theories and the technology of the expressway service area planning. The core study of the paper is two key technical questions: one is how to build the transportation potential calculation model of expressway service area, another is which method can be used to calculate the scale of service area.First of all, the writer analyzed the current situation of the service area in expressway, according to the expressway situation of our country and the plan for future. And the writer point out that the study on theory and method of service area planning is also very weak and illustrate that the research of the paper is significance. on the basis of reviewing to the existing theory and method. Yet, the theoty and practical value are put forward.Secondly, based on the analysis to the characteristic of field system, the writer put forward the transportation potential to calculation the pause rate of the expressway service area. Traditional research means is to divide the pause rate into several types according to the number of the pause rate on the basis of investigating, regarded as the external analytical method and there was not inherently explain the formation mechanism of the pause rate. Through the analysis to the transportation field of expressway, the paper explains the inherent mechanism of the emerging of the pause rate and establish the transportation potential calculation model. The analysis of the living examples shows that: the transportation potential calculation model can comparatively fix the pause rate of the expressway service area accurately.Thirdly, the paper have set up a model to calculate the scale of the service area in the expressway, based on the reaching law of the demand person. According to the randomness characteristics of arrival and service time of the serivced object, it builds a queue theory model about the service area in the expressway. And queueing indexes are presented in definition of the service levels of the functional facilities in the service area. Then on the basis of the service levels that are up to the demand , the optimal scale of the service area is calculated by the queue theory model.Finally, combined with the planning project of the service area in expressway in Hebei, the research results of this text is proved. The aim is to introduce the method calculating driving-into rate model and the way of scale calculation into the application of the planning.更多还原