【作者】 曹海鹏；

【导师】 黄圣国； 舒平；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 “航空安全”是航空界的永恒课题。1997-2006年,国内民用航空运输飞行共发生重大事故7起,其中因重着陆引起的有2起,民航客机重着陆对航空安全构成了极大威胁,引起了广泛关注。经过在航空公司的实际调研以及对现有标准和规定的分析,发现国内航空公司对于重着陆的判断方法存在很多不足,一线飞行员和机务人员对此满意度不高。本研究首先从力学基础分析了重着陆的形成机理及对重着陆产生影响的相关因素,确定了重着陆的风险参数;根据QAR记录的飞行数据,采用信号处理技术进行降噪和滤波,提高参数的精度;提出利用人工神经网络和模糊推理等智能诊断技术建立重着陆的诊断模型,并采用B737的样本数据进行训练和验证,结果显示智能诊断模型能够准确判断重着陆事件,为重着陆的诊断提供了一条行之有效的途径;采用风险管理的思想,使用指数平滑法和灰色预测法探讨重着陆的预警研究,结果证明灰色预测法能够有效地进行重着陆预警。最后,在以上研究工作的基础上,结合数据库技术和飞行译码软件,在Delphi环境下完成了综合系统开发,包含三个子系统:重着陆诊断系统、重着陆预警系统和重着陆监控数据库,为航空公司提供一套实用化的工具,将重着陆的风险降至最低。更多还原

【Abstract】 The safety of aviation is the eternal issuse that attracts public concerns. Seven hazardous accidents happended in the domestic civil aviation transportation from 1996 to 2005, two of them resulted from hard landing. Hard landing becomes the major threat to the aviation safety, which attracts broad attention. In the base of investigation in the airways and analysis of related ragulations, the hard landing diagnosis method is insufficiently and not satisfyed by pilots and aircraft crew.Firstly, the causes of hard landing and related factors are analyzed in the view of mechanics, with the risk parameters being confirmed. Secondly, depending on the information of flight data recorded by QAR, signal processing method is used to decrease the noises. Then, the intelligent diagnosis model is established based on nerual network and fuzzy technology, and the model is trained and validated by the data from B737. the results show that the intelligent model can judge the hard landing effectively, feasibly and intelligently. The risk management is adopted, the pre-warning of hard landing is discussed by using grey system and exponential smoothing method, the results show that grey system is feasible for the hard landing pre-warning.Finally, the integrated system is developed in the platform of Delphi by using database technology and FOQA software. With its three subsystems : diagnosis system, pre-warning system and hard landing monitor database, the whole system could be provided to airways to decrease the risk of hard landing.更多还原