【作者】 王龙；

【导师】 龙莉萍；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 结构工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 炉顶封罩位于高炉炉壳顶部,包括煤气封罩段、炉喉段及部分炉身段。该区域承受多种荷载,如炉顶外部设备、进料、上升管膨胀、炉内气体的高压作用,以及生产后期因内衬减薄可能存在的高温状态。同时,为满足高炉炼铁的工艺要求,炉顶封罩处开有四个外径达2.4m的煤气导出管连接孔和一个3.93mx1.945m的溜槽更换孔等大开孔;一个1.065mx0.765m的人孔和三个直径φ420mm的探测孔等小开孔,这些大孔洞和小开孔的存在大大地削弱了炉壳的截面面积,造成孔洞边缘出现较大的应力集中,使得炉顶封罩的受力状况十分复杂,弄清楚炉顶封罩孔洞周边在各种影响因素下的受力性能显得尤为为重要。但目前国内外所做的研究工作基本上是对整体受力性能的研究,或是单个开孔产生应力集中的影响等,但针对高炉炉顶封罩孔洞在不同的影响因素下的局部受力性能的研究仍未见报道。本文在分析研究国内外有关高炉研究状况的基础上,依据设计院提供的高炉结构几何形状尺寸、受力载荷等资料,利用有限元ANSYS软件建立4800m3大型高炉炉顶封罩模型,对影响孔洞周边受力性能的四个因素(包括下部冷却壁开孔率、炉顶封罩采用不同壁厚、导出管和溜槽孔采用不同厚度加劲肋及不同温度条件)进行了研究分析。本文的研究工作主要分为以下几个部分:①通过对12个炉顶封罩孔洞周边不同细度网格划分模型进行弹性受力分析对比,确定了兼顾计算精度和计算时长的有限元网格划分要求;②根据同组成员提供成果,建立7个下部炉身段采用不同开孔率的炉顶封罩模型,分析下部炉身段开孔率对炉顶封罩孔洞周边受力性能的影响,最后确定建立炉顶封罩局部模型的底部约束;③建立5个不同壁厚的炉顶封罩模型,计算分析不同壁厚对炉顶封罩孔洞周边受力性能的影响,对现有的高炉设计公式安全性做出评估;④建立6个不同厚度加劲肋厚度的炉顶封罩模型,计算分析孔洞周边采用不同加劲肋后对应力集中的控制作用,并提出加劲肋厚度的选取原则;⑤针对生产后期高炉可能在高温下工作,建立了5种温度下炉顶封罩模型,计算分析不同温度条件对炉顶封罩孔洞周边受力性能的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The blast furnace sealed cowling is located at the top of the blast furnace, including gas sealed cowling, throat and parts of stack. This area supports deferent kinds of load, for example, exterior equipment, stuff, ascending pipe exploding, interior gas’s high pressure’s effect and high temperature state of inner liner reducing which is exist during the later of production period. In the mean time, in order to satisfy the technological requirements, there are four gas exporting pipe holes (outer diameter is up to 2.4m), a 3.93mx1.945m chute hole, 1.065mx0.765m manhole and threeφ420mm probing hole. These big holes and small holes weaken the section of the shell seriously, which makes the stress concentration along the holes side. It makes the blast furnace sealed cowling’s force complicated. Making it clear holes side of the blast furnace sealed cowling’s force ability under any affecting aspects is very important. But the task which is done all over the world is focusing on the force capacity of the whole blast furnace, or single hole which makes the stress concentration effect, but there’s no report on the blast furnace sealed cowling holes’local force capacity under different affecting aspects.This paper uses ANSYS software to build 4800m3 blast furnace sealed cowling model and analyze four aspects which affect the holes’side stress concentration (including opening ratio of cooling stave, different thickness of blast furnace sealed cowling, exporting pipe and chute hole with different thickness stiffener and different temperature). On the basement of the world’s research on blast furnace, according as the blast furnace‘s geometry dimension and force loads supplied by design institute etc. This paper’s research is divided into following parts mainly:①Make sure both the calculation precision and time span’s finite element grid generation requirement by the contrastive elastic analysis of 12 blast furnace sealed cowling holes sides’different fine grid models’under different loads.②According to the team’s working results, establishing 7 blast furnace sealed cowling under different furnace stack opening ratio, analyzing the top cover’s force ability under the effect of the furnace stack’s different opening ratio, make sure the blast furnace sealed cowling’s bottom restraint’s establishment.③Establishing 5 different thickness blast furnace sealed cowling models, calculating the blast furnace sealed cowling holes sides’force capacity under different thickness, doing the evaluation of the safety degree of the existing blast furnace’s design formula. ④Establishing 6 different thickness stiffener’s blast furnace sealed cowling model, calculating the blast furnace sealed cowling holes sides’stress concentration control effect under different stiffener and advancing choosing principle of the stiffener’s thickness.⑤According to possibly blast furnace’s high temperature working during the later production, establishing 5 temperature’s blast furnace sealed cowling model, calculating the blast furnace sealed cowling holes sides’force capacity under different temperature.更多还原