【作者】 刘宁；

【导师】 廖振方；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 为了满足我国社会主义经济大发展时期工程建设领域中采矿、隧道、地下等工程的发展需要,针对当前破岩设备和装置所存在的问题,提出利用电液压脉冲效应作为高压脉冲水射流动力源。对电液压脉冲水射流发生器的工作原理和电气参数进行了分析。基于椭球体聚焦冲击波的原理,提出了冲击波聚能高压脉冲射流发生器。应用热力学、流体力学、电学、机械学、声学、光学以及等离子体物理学等学科的理论知识对电液压脉冲技术中脉冲大电流发生器的工作原理、水中放电时产生的机械效应、气隙和液体击穿机理、放电通道的形成及其特点进行了分析和讨论。建立了等离子体通道的数学模型。利用π定理和无量纲分析方法推导出放电通道的液动力特性的无量纲微分方程,通过求解无量纲微分方程得到了放电通道的液动力特性与放电回路电气参数间的关系,从而可以能预测放电通道内的压力、通道半径和通道膨胀速度。利用正交实验方法对电液压脉冲水射流发生器的结构S、电极结构形式F、两电极间的距离l对水射流压力的影响进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,其影响程度大小按l,S ,F (从大到小)。还对影响射流压力的放电能量、喷嘴结构和放电室体积等因素进行了实验研究。根据实验结果,设计和加工制造了一台电液压脉冲水射流发生装置。更多还原

【Abstract】 To satisfy the development demands of engineering construction, such as mining engineering, tunnels engineering, underground engineering, in the period of large-scale development of China’s socialist economy, based on existing problems of rock-breaking equipment and device, make use of electro-hydraulic impulse effect as the power supply of high-pressure pulsed water jet is put forward. The principle of work of electro-hydraulic impulse water jet generator and electrical parameters have been analyzed. Based on the theory of focusing shock wave with ellipsoid, the focusing shock wave generator is put forward.Based on theoretical knowledge of many course, such as thermodynamics, hydromechanics, electricity, mechanics, acoustics, photology, and plasma physics, the electro-hydraulic impulse technology that including the principle of work of pulsed large current generator, mechanical effect that produced by discharge in liquid, the breakdown mechanism of air space and liquid, discharge channel formation and its properties are analyzed and discussed. The mathematics model of plasma piston is established. Based on theπtheorem and dimensionless analysis method, the dimensionless differential equations of hydrodynamic properties in discharge channel are induced, the relationship between hydrodynamic properties of discharge channel and electricity parameters of discharge circuit is found by solving the dimensionless differential equations, which predict the pressure, radius of expansion in discharge channel.The factors of affect jet pressure that including the structural type of discharge chamber S and electrode F, and the distance between two electrodes l are studied by use orthogonal experimental method. The experimental results show that the high-low degree of affect jet pressure is l, S, F. The factors of affect jet pressure that including discharge energy, the structure type of nozzle and the volume of discharge chamber are studied.Based on the experimental results, an electro-hydraulic impulse water jet generator is designed and manufactured.更多还原