【作者】 刘小平；

【导师】 周建中； 黎育红；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 系统分析与集成， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 围绕激光参数测量系统研制中所存在的测量精度、测量效率等问题,本文利用CCD摄像机作为激光光斑采集的关键设备,并将其与图像采集卡、计算机和GPS、能量探测器以及同步控制电路结合起来,组建了激光光斑测量控制系统,实现了对固定频率激光脉冲的实时捕获;通过系统软件完成了图像信息,能量信息和GPS时间信息的存储,图像分析,实现了激光光斑图像的高精度测量。本文所完成的主要工作包括:1)通过对激光特性及光学摄像原理的分析,完成了基于CCD摄像机的激光光斑摄像系统的硬件选型。2)根据激光脉冲具有频率固定的特性,从测量方法着手解决激光脉冲与摄像机同步的问题,实现完整图像的捕获,并且做到尽量抑制背景噪声,保证图像具有最佳效果。3)根据激光光斑测量的实际情况,分析各个硬件参数与其性能的关系,结合本系统的测量方法,正确设置系统硬件的各个参数,保证图像信息输出的准确性。4)编写信息采集程序,完成对CCD摄像机、图像采集卡和能量探测器的控制,实现图像灰度、能量、GPS时间等各种信息的实时采集、显示以及存储功能。5)编写图像处理程序,运用背景相减技术去除背景噪声,完成激光光斑质心、形心等参数的计算以及光斑三维能量显示。6)进一步对CCD摄像法进行研究,分析系统的误差来源。另外,本系统设计的最大特点是:围绕测量的准确性,从采集方法设计、硬件参数设置到软件图像处理,充分考虑到噪声对测量精度的影响,将测量的准确性融入到系统设计的各个环节。更多还原

【Abstract】 Around the problems such as bad precision and low efficiency in the process of laser facular parameter measurement, this article provides a method of using CCD sensor as laser facular image acquiring device which work with image acquiring card, GPS, energy detectors and synchronization controlling circuit, computer, aimed to capture the information of laser pulses with a certain frequency. Software is designed to complete functions of saving, displaying and analysis information of image, GPS and energy to measure laser and compute laser’s parameter.This paper includes the following research contents mainly:1) By analyzing laser characteristics and optic image principle, completing the hardware selection and designing a hardware system.2) Because the laser pulses have the characteristics of a certain frequency, the paper solves the problem of synchronization between laser pulse and camera with measurement method to capture whole images, restrains background noise and assures the image of best effect.3) Based on the fact of laser facular measurement, analysis of the relationship between hardware parameter and its performance and measurement method, set the devices and assure the veracity of output information.4) Program to control CCD camera, image acquiring card and energy detector, and carry out the functions include acquiring information of image gray, energy information, GPS time, the information displaying and storage.5) Program to process image and compute parameters of laser facular such as center of mass and gravity.6. Research the CCD image method more deeply and analyze the resource of error.In addition, there is a most characteristic that the paper is fully considering of the effect to precision from noise from design of acquiring method, hardware parameter settings to image processing.更多还原