【作者】 周琼；

【导师】 易继明；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 民商法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 人格与财产的二分是近代大陆法系国家民法典的一个基本的分类方法。但是由此而导致的二者之间的森严壁垒,却妨碍了我们“将私法作为一个整体的学问”来进行研究。财产中的人格利益被承认和给予保护,经历了一个较长的发展过程。财产中人格利益的事实判断,需要结合财产的目的和用途因素、时间因素、来源因素以及珍稀程度等因素来综合考量。在法律判断的问题上,则涉及到形式正义与实质正义、公平与效率等法律价值的平衡。各国在是否以及如何给予财产中的人格利益以保护的问题上,采取了肯定模式、否定模式以及限制模式三种立场。其中,限制模式既承认了财产中人格利益的存在,又为其设置了一些限制条件,从而既保护了权利人的人格利益,同时又避免其滥用诉权,增加交易成本,是一种较为合理的方式。具有人格利益的财产,可以被分为如下四类:一是具有人格象征意义的财产,二是寄托一定情感的财产,三是源于特定人身体的财产,四是知识产权。这四类具有人格利益的财产的具体形态中,前两类在性质上较为类似,即在一般条件下是不具有人格利益的;而后两类则与特定人身联系较为紧密。这四类不同的财产,在人格利益的表现形态上存在较大的差异,因此,在界定问题上,需要具体分析。具有人格利益的财产随着财产权客体范围的扩大和对人类价值和尊严重视程度的提高而呈现扩张的趋势。这在一定程度缓和了财产与人格之间的僵硬关系,有利于我们更加全面而立体的认识财产。更多还原

【Abstract】 The division of property and personhood is the fundamental classification of civil code in modern civil law system countries. But the strict barrier led by this partition prevents us from studying private law as synthetic object.It’s a long time before personhood interest in property has been admitted and provided legal remedy. We need to comprehensively consider the factors of purpose and use, time, origin, and rarity of the property in the factual judgment of personality interest in property. While in the judgment of law, we need to consider the balance of formal justice and essence justice, fairness and efficiency. On the problem of whether and how to give protection to personhood interest in property, most countries adopt three patterns. They are affirmative pattern, negative pattern and restrictive pattern. The restrictive pattern admitting the existence of personhood interest in property, and it also interpose some restricting condition. Thereby, on the one hand it protects the personhood interest of oblige, on the other hand, it also prevents the oblige from abusing litigant right and increase the transaction cost, so it is a rational pattern.Property with personhood can be divided into four sorts as fellows. They are property having personality symbolist significance; property placed certain emotion, property originating from the body of a special person and intellectual property. In these four sorts, the first two are similar with comparatively on the character, be to be not to have personality benefit’s under general condition. While the latter two have intense contact with a specially person. These four sorts of property have big difference in the representation of personhood interest, so it needs to be concretely analyzed.With the expansion of the object of property and attaching more importance to the value and dignity of human being, property with personhood interest appears the tend of expansion. This has relaxed the stark relation between property and personality, and it also helps us to understand property in a all-round and stereoscopic way.更多还原