【作者】 邵玲玲；

【导师】 李毅；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 林木遗传育种， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii),属豆科(leguminasae)锦鸡儿属(Caragana)多年生落叶灌木,是一种抗寒、耐旱、耐盐碱、耐贫瘠,适应性很强的防风固沙树种。本研究以柠条锦鸡儿的茎段为外殖体,通过随机区组设计,结合方差分析等,着重研究了柠条锦鸡儿茎段培养的最佳培养基配方及培养程序,以及影响快速繁殖的关键性因素,初步建立了一套较为完整的快速繁殖体系。主要的研究结果如下:1、对柠条锦鸡儿木质化枝条、当年萌发新枝以及实生苗为外殖体进行消毒处理,综合来看,以采取当年生春季枝条为外殖体是最佳选择。木质化枝条最佳消毒时间:75%酒精20s+0.1%升汞10min,萌发率为72.4%,污染率可控制在6.9%;春季新生枝条最佳消毒时间:75%酒精10s +0.1%升汞10min,萌发率为81.5%,污染率为20.6%;实生苗茎段最佳消毒时间:75%酒精3s+0.1%升汞5min,萌发率72.7%,污染率为35.3%,伤害率为18.2%。2、外殖体取材季节以5月上旬最佳,此时取材污染率、死亡率低,萌发效果好。3、在木质化枝条、春季嫩枝、实生苗、成熟种子以及胚这5种外殖体中,材料褐化程度大小的顺序依次为:种子>木质化枝条>春季嫩枝>实生苗>胚。说明选择胚或实生苗为外殖体接种时可有效降低褐化的发生。4、在初代培养中,培养基MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L+AC0.3g/L有利于柠条锦鸡儿的生长,30d后,平均启动率为76.3%。5、继代增殖的最适培养基为MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+IAA0.2mg/L+AC0.4g/L,30d后其平均增殖系数可达83.2%。6、在愈伤组织诱导中,不同外殖体诱导愈伤组织容易度依次为:叶片>春季枝条茎段>无菌苗茎段。在B5 +6-BA 0.5mg/L + 2, 4-D1.5mg/L的培养基中叶片愈伤组织诱导率高达100%。7、愈伤组织分化为芽时,MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L培养基、不采用暗处理的培养效果最好,分化率达到7.6%。8、在生根培养中:采用培养基1/8MS+IBA0.3mg/L+NAA0.8mg/L+蔗糖15g/L生根效果最好。60d后,生根率可达到100%;1/2MS+IBA1.0mg/L +NAA0.5mg/L +蔗糖15 g/L其平均生根条数最多,达6.3条;1/2MS+IBA0.3mg/L +NAA0.3mg/L +蔗糖20g/L有利于根的生长,平均根长为7.7cm。9、炼苗移栽时:基质以腐殖土﹕河沙(1﹕1)效果最好,小苗成活率达87.5%,其次为珍珠岩﹕蛭石(1﹕1)成活率为81.8%,河沙效果最差,成活率仅达58.3%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Caragana korshinskii Kom, a species of Caragana perennial shrub, is cold-resistant, able to bear the drought, aline, alkalinly and barrenly, wind prevention sand fixation species with very strong adaptability. The major object of this study was to exploit the technique systems of tissue culture and rapid propagation for Caragana korshinskii, through the randomised block design, combine analysis of variance, using the stems and seeds as the explant, and the optimal medium and culture program were studied. The major results were as following:1. Lignified branches, spring branches, seedling plants of Caragana korshinskii Kom was disinfected. The results showed that the explants from spring branches were the best among lignified branches, spring branches and seedling plants, which had low contaminated rate, high germination rate and strong vitality.The best disinfection time for lignified branches is 75% alcohol 20 s + 0.1% mercuric chloride 10min,and the germination rate is 72.4%, the polluting rate 6.9%; For spring branches, 75% alcohol 10 s + 0.1% mercuric chloride 10min,the germination rate 81.5%, the polluting rate 20.6%; For seedling plants, 75% alcohol 3 s + 0.1% mercuric chloride 5 min,the germination rate 72.7%, the polluting rate 35.3%,and the damage rate 18.2%.2. The best period of picking the explants was April, when the polluting rate and the damage rate is low and the germination rate is high.3. Among lignified branches, spring branches, seedling plants, mature seeds and embryos, the order of browning degree of all kinds of material was mature seeds, lignified branches, spring branches, seedling plants and embryos. It showed that choosing seedling plants or embryos as explants could reduce browning effectively.4. The optimizing medium for initial culture was MS + 6-BA 0.2 mg/L + NAA 0.1 mg/L + AC 0.3 g/L. After 30 days culture, the average initiation rate was 76.3%.5. The optimizing medium for subculture multiplication was MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+ IAA0.2mg/L + AC0.4g/L. After 30 days culture, the multiplication coefficient was 83.2%.6. In callus induction, the easiness order of callus induction of different explants was leaves, spring branches and stems. In the culture medium of B5 + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + 2, 4-D1.5 mg/L, the callus induction rate of leaves could reach 100%。7. The best callus differentiation medium was MS + 6-BA 1.5mg/L + NAA 0.5 mg/L, and no dark treatment, with the differentiation rate 7.6%.8. The 1/8 MS + IBA 0.3 mg/L + NAA 0.8 mg/L and sugar 15 g/L was the best medium in rooting culture. After 60 days culture, the rooting rate was 100%; in the medium of 1/2 MS + IBA 1.0 + NAA 0.5 mg/L and sugar 15 g/L, the average rooting number of stems was 6.3. 1/2 MS + IBA 0.3 + NAA 0.3 and sugar 20 g/L was good for root development, with average root length was 7.7 cm .9. For transplantion of plantlets, the best substrate was rotten leaves:sand =1:1, and the survival rate could reach 87.5%, then pearlite:vermiculite = 1:1, with the survival rate of 81.8%, and the sand had the lowest effect, with a survival rate of 58.3%.更多还原