【作者】 王高利；

【导师】 涂敏；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 采矿工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文基于厚硬顶板条件下,矿山压力显现规律及厚硬顶板的控制,综合运用理论分析、计算机数值、实验室相似材料模拟以及现场工业性实验等方法,对综采工作面厚硬顶板条件下顶板破断规律、采场围岩特性、支架—围岩关系、合理支护方式、强制放顶的合理方式等问题进行了系统研究。研究认为:1.厚硬顶板岩层在初次来压时,厚硬顶板岩梁的最大弯矩在梁的两端,两端拉应力最大,当拉应力超过岩石的抗拉强度时,厚硬岩层被从两端拉断。在周期来压时,厚硬顶板悬臂梁的最大弯矩在固支端,固支端处拉应力最大,厚硬顶板岩层从固支端被拉断。2.在采场推进过程中,厚硬岩层(关键层)上较软的岩层随厚硬岩层的破断而变形破断,厚硬岩层(关键层)与其控制的上覆岩层同步协调下沉,厚硬岩层(关键层)的破断移动对覆岩的移动变形起关键的控制作用,所以控制厚硬岩层的垮落步距是厚硬顶板工作面控制顶板来压的关键。3.支护强度的增大会减小顶板的下沉量,但不能限制顶板的最终下沉量,厚硬顶板条件下支架本身就承受相当大的压力,若要限制顶板的下沉,所需的强度和刚度是支柱所不能达到的。4.超前深孔松动爆破,改变了厚硬顶板岩梁的力学结构,有效的减小了厚硬顶板的断裂步距,减弱了厚硬顶板来压强度,减小了厚硬顶板的冒落块度,消除了厚硬顶板冒落时动力冲击现象,保证了工作面的安全生产。本论文对于厚硬顶板条件下的综采工作面的安全回采、采场顶板控制具有普遍的指导意义和参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper, Based on the behavior law of mine pressure and hard roof control ,with multi-research methods, such as the theoretical analysis, the computer numerical simulation , the simulation of similar materials and field research. mainly to research the rupture regularity of thick and hard roof in fully-mechanized face, characteristics of surrounding rocks, supporter and surrounding rocks, reasonable support pattern, reasonable method and parameters of overhead caving in working face of thick and hard roof.The main study of this paper includes several accepts blow:1. When it was the primary main roof pressure, the bending moment was biggest in the two end of the rock beam. Here the tensile stress was biggest, and it’s more than the tensile strength of the rock, the thick and hard roof was broken at the two end of the roof. When it was periodic roof pressure, the bending moment of the cantilever beam was at the end of clamped support, here the tensile stress was biggest, and the thick and hard roof was broken.2. As mining, the soft strata over the thick and hard strata were changed as the rupture of the thick and hard roof. The thick and hard roof and overlying strata were coordinated subsidence. The thick and hard roof plays a key role in controlling the displacement and deformation of overhead strata. So controlling the caving interval is the key to controlling roof weighting in working face of thick and hard roof.3. Different support methods have different effect to the pressure of work face, Enlarging the last pillars’ pressure, the biggest tensile stress point of rock roof near the edge in the worked-out section of the last pillars, to make rigid roof more Gloss to the last pillars caving; Enlarging the maximal tensile stress to make rigid direct roof easily broken and reduce the requirement of support strength in working face.4. By the method of preceding loosening blasting in deep hole, it changed the mechanical structure of the thick and hard roof beam, it efficiently decreased the caving interval in the working face of the thick and hard roof, it weakened the ground pressure strength of the thick and hard roof, it decreased the size of rock broken, and it eliminated the phenomenon of dynamic impact when the ruptured of thick and hard roof. By this method, it ensured the coal mining safety in productionIn a word, the results in this paper plays a vital role in controlling of thick and hard roof and safe mining in fully-mechanized coal face.更多还原