【作者】 江绪文；

【导师】 张文明； 姚大年；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究选用7个草坪草品种（早熟禾:橄榄球2号、高羊茅:美洲虎3号、美洲虎4号、奥利克斯、阿拉比亚、小野马、黑美人）种子为材料,采用幼苗生长测定、电导率测定、加速老化试验、抗冷测定等常用方法测定种子活力,并与其模拟田间出苗率进行相关分析,探讨草坪草种子活力测定的适宜方法。采用水引发、PEG引发、砂引发、砂+硝普钠（SNP）复合引发四种种子引发方式对草坪草种子进行引发处理,通过研究每种引发方式不同处理对草坪草种子常用活力指标的影响,探讨适宜有效的提高草坪草种子活力的种子引发处理方法。在此基础上,从每种引发方式中各选取两种较适宜的引发处理,研究引发处理后草坪草种子脱氢酶（ADH）、过氧化物酶（POD）、酸性磷酸酶（Apase）等与种子活力有关的酶活性的变化,探讨引发处理提高草坪草种子活力的生理生化机理。1.幼苗生长测定的发芽势、发芽率和简化活力指数均与模拟田间成苗率存在极显著或显著正相关（r分别为0.977、0.963、0.808）,加速老化试验发芽率和抗冷测定发芽率均与模拟田间出苗率存在极显著正相关（r分别为0.949、0.933）,说明幼苗生长测定、加速老化试验、抗冷测定均是草坪草种子活力测定的较好方法。2.水引发试验结果表明:适宜的水引发处理能明显提高草坪草种子的活力,引发处理后,草坪草种子的ADH、POD、Apase活性与对照相比均有所提高,不同品种种子水引发的适宜浸种及保湿时间有所不同:美洲虎3号、美洲虎4号和小野马均为15min、24h;奥利克斯和黑美人均为10min、24h;阿拉比亚为10min、12h;橄榄球2号为15min、12h。3.PEG引发试验结果表明,适宜的PEG引发处理,种子各项活力指标均高于对照（CK₁和CK₂）,ADH、POD、Apase活性与对照相比均有所提高,不同品种存在不同的最适PEG浓度和引发时间:美洲虎3号和美洲虎4号最适的PEG浓度和引发时间均为30%、6h;阿拉比亚、奥利克斯、黑美人和橄榄球2号均为20%、6h;小野马为20%、12h。4.砂引发试验结果表明,各处理幼苗生长测定的各项活力指标、加速老化试验发芽率、抗冷测定发芽率和模拟田间出苗率与对照相比均有不同程度的提高,引发处理后,草坪草种子的ADH、POD、Apase活性与对照相比也有所提高。不同品种砂引发最适的砂含水量:美洲虎4号和小野马为7.4%;阿拉比亚、奥利克斯和橄榄球2号均为3.8%;美洲虎3号为5.7%;黑美人为2.0%。5.砂+SNP复合引发中,低浓度的SNP引发效果较好,大多数品种,SNP浓度为1.0%和1.5%两个处理对提高草坪草种子活力效果较为明显,其幼苗生长测定的各项活力指标、加速老化试验发芽率、抗冷测定发芽率和模拟田间出苗率以及ADH、POD、Apase活性与对照相比均有所提高。不同品种砂+SNP复合引发的最适SNP浓度:美洲虎4号、小野马、黑美人、奥利克斯和橄榄球2号均为1.0%;美洲虎3号和阿拉比亚均为1.5%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Seven Turfgrass Seeds were used as materials in the experiment,which were Jaguar3, Jaguar4,MiniMustang,Aolikeshi,Heimeiren,Arabiaand Poa pratensis(Football 2) were treat by four priming treatments(Water primimg,PEG priming,Sand priming and Sand+SNP compound priming),and their seed vigor were tested by ways of seedling growth test, accelerated ageing test,cold test,electrical conductivity test,and simulated field seedling growth test,etc.More suitable and effective methods for improve seed vigor of seven Turfgrass were found by analyzed the effect of different suitable methods to the Turfgrass seeds.On the base of it,the change of three enzymes(ADH,POD,Apase) activation with the feasible ways were researched to discuss the effect of priming methods to enzymes activation and physiological and biochemical mechanism.1.The result of regression analysis showed that through seedling growth test,some of vigor indexes were significantly or highly significantly correlated with seedling rate of simulated field condition.For example,germination energy(r was 0.977),germination percentage(r was 0.963) and simple vigor index(R was 0.808).And accelerated ageing test and cold test germination percentage were also highly significantly correlated with seedling rate of simulated(r were 0.949 and 0.933).These showed that seedling growth test, accelerated ageing test and cold test were all better test methods for vigor test of Turfgrass seeds.2.Effect of water priming on seed germination and vigor of Seven Turfgrass Seeds was studied with seedling growth test,electrical conductivity test,accelerated ageing test,cold test and simulated field test.The results showed that vigor of Turfgrass Seeds samples were obviously improved by water priming.Three enzymes(ADH,POD,Apase) activation were higer than comparison.Different Turfgrass Seeds samples had the different time of seed soaking and preserving moisture.Jaguar 3,Jaguar 4 and Mini Mustang were 15min and 24h;Aolikeshi and Heimeiren were 10min and 24h;Arabia was 10min and 12h.;Football 2 was 15rain and 12h.3.The result of PEG priming showed that through priming,germination rate of Turfgrass seeds increased obviously,seedling was doing well,and simple vigor index increased to some extent and so on.In this process of priming,high PEG disposal and short soaking time can give significant effect.There was suitable treatment of PEG concentration and priming time.On the basis of the experiment,the suitable treatment of PEG concentration and priming time of Jaguar 3 and Jaguar 4 were 30%,6h;Mini Mustang was20%,12h;Aolikeshi,Arabia,Heimeiren and Football 2 were 20%,6h.4.The result of sand priming showed that through priming,germination rate of Turfgrass seeds increased obviously,the higher disposal which could improve the Turfgrass’s vigor more effect.Mostly results of accelerated ageing test,cold test,simulated field seedling growth test were higer than comparison.Three enzymes(ADH,POD,Apase) activation were higer than comparison.On the basis of the experiment,the suitable treatment of disposals of Jaguar 4 and Mini Mustang were 7.4%;Aolikeshi,Arabia,and Football 2 were 3.8%;Jaguar 3 was 5.7%;Heimeiren was 2.0%.5.Along with the increaseof SNP concentration,the vigor index of seedling growth test, accelerated ageing test,cold test was descendant.Of all the Sand+SNP compound priming disposals,1.0mmol/L and 1.5%mmol/L were the best concentration,which most of vigor index was higer than comparison.Three enzymes(ADH,POD,Apase) activation were higer than comparison.On the basis of the experiment,the suitable treatment of disposals of Jaguar 4, Heimeiren,Aolikeshi,Mini Mustang and Football 2 were 1.0%;Jaguar 3 and Arabia were 1.5%.更多还原