【作者】 李有超；

【导师】 程茂基； 王洪荣；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 试验选用装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的3头徐淮山羊作为瘤胃液供体羊,通过体外瘤胃发酵,探讨接种植物乳杆菌、添加葵花籽油和日粮精粗比对人工瘤胃发酵液内CLA产量、挥发性脂肪酸及其它瘤胃发酵参数的影响。试验一:采用2因素5水平的试验设计,植物乳杆菌接种量设计0,1.0%,3.0%,5.0%,7.0%等5个水平,葵花籽油添加量设计0.0,2.0,4.0,6.0,8.0mg/mL瘤胃液等5个水平,在瘤胃液过滤或灭菌条件下,体外发酵培养24h后,探讨接种植物乳杆菌、添加葵花籽油对CLA产量和乳酸菌OD值的影响。结果表明,接种植物乳杆菌和添加葵花籽油明显提高了过滤瘤胃液内CLA产量和乳酸菌OD值（P＜0.05）,其中在植物乳杆菌接种量3%、葵花籽油添加量4mg/mL条件下,过滤瘤胃液内CLA产量和乳酸菌OD值最高,显著高于其他试验组（P＜0.05）;接种植物乳杆菌和添加葵花籽油明显提高了灭菌瘤胃液内乳酸菌OD值（P＜0.05）,但对CLA产量影响不明显。试验二:在最佳植物乳杆菌接种量和油脂添加量的条件下,探讨在不同发酵时间内,乳酸菌对过滤瘤胃液内CLA产量、乳酸菌OD值、pH值及其它发酵参数的影响。试验组在过滤瘤胃液内接种乳酸菌,对照组不接种乳酸菌。结果表明,在24h培养期内,试验组CLA产量和乳酸菌OD值均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;试验组pH值在0-8h内变化不大,但在8-16h下降明显;对照组在0-24h内也呈现下降趋势,但在10h后略有上升;与对照组相比,试验组的乙酸含量降低,丁酸含量升高,总VFA量升高,乙酸与丙酸比值减小。试验三:在最佳植物乳杆菌接种量和油脂添加量的条件下,探讨不同精粗比对乳酸菌在过滤瘤胃液内发酵、CLA生成、VFA及其它瘤胃发酵参数的影响。发酵底物精粗比设计5个水平,分别为A:10:0、B:4:6、C:5:5、D:6:4、E:0:10。结果表明,不同精粗比水平影响体外瘤胃发酵、CLA和其它脂肪酸的生成。随着精料比例的减少,发酵液中CLA的产量呈下降的趋势;总VFA水平呈下降的趋势,乙酸摩尔分数呈上升趋势,各试验组之间,B、C、D之间差异不显著,A、E间差异极显著（P＜0.01）;丙酸、丁酸的摩尔分数呈下降的趋势;乙酸与丙酸的比值呈线性增长;各试验组间NH₃-N浓度的变化趋势是随着日粮中精料比例的升高而下降,其中A、E组差异极显著（P＜0.01）,B、C、D组之间差异不显著;乳酸菌生物量方面,全粗料组最低,全精料组最高,其他各组间差异不显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three ruminal cannulated adult Xu huai goats were used in this study,the in vitro tureen fermentation experiment was conducted to study the effect of inoculation Lactobacillus plantarum,addition sun flower oil and the dietary concentrate to forage ratio on the CLA production,VIA and other rumen fermentation parameters in fermentation broth of artificial rumen.Experiment 1:The design of experiment used 2 factors and 5 levels,different inoculum size of Lactobacillus plantarum 0,1.0%,3.0%,5.0%,7.0%;and addition different levels sun flower oil 0.0,2.0,4.0,6.0,8.0mg/mL rumen fluid,then fermented 24 hours.The in vitro experiment was studied the effect of different inoculum size Lactobacillus plantarum and addition different levels sun flower oil on CLA production and OD value of Lactic acid bacteria in strained rumen fluid or autoclaved rumen fluid.The results showed that inoculation different size Lactobacillus plantarum and addition sun flower oil significantly influenced CLA production and OD value of Lactic acid bacteria（P＜0.05）,the strained rumen fluid group had CLA production and OD value of Lactic acid bacteria highest in 3%inoculum size and 4mg/mL oil addition.To autoclaved rumen fluid group,the influence was elevated the OD value of Lactic acid bacteria significantly（P＜0.05）,but not significant on CLA production.Experiment 2:The in vitro experiment was studied the effect of different fermentation time on the change regularity of CLA production,OD value of Lactic acid bacteria,pH value and other fermentation parameters in strained rumen fluid under the best condition. Lactobacillus plantarum was inoculated in test group and not in control group.The results showed that during 24 hours incubation,CLA production and Lactic acid bacteria OD value of test group significantly higher than control group（P＜0.05）;pH value of test group changed a little in 0-8h,but descended significantly in 8-16 hours;pH value of control group descended in 0-24 h,but increased a little after 10 hours.The mole fraction of acetic acid and ratio of butyric acid/propionic acid were decreased,and the mole fraction of butyric acid and total VFA were increased.Experiment 3:The effect of different the dietary concentrate to forage ratio on Lactic acid bacteria fermentation,CLA production,VFA and other fermentation parameters in strained rumen fluid under the best condition.The dietary concentrate to forage ratio of fermentation substrate had 5 levels,namely A:10:0,B:4:6,C:5:5,D:6:4,E:0:10.The results showed that different ratio substrates affected rumen fermentation,CLA and fatty acid production.As dietary concentrate to forage ratio decreased,the production of CLA was decreased;the total VFA was decreased,the mole fraction of acetic acid was increased, between group B,C and D,there were no significant difference,group A and E had significantly difference（P＜0.01）;the mole fraction of propionic acid and butyric acid were decreased;the ratio of acetic acid/propionic acid was increased;NH₃-N concentration of each test group was decreased as concentrate increased,group A and E had significantly difference（P＜0.01）,between group B,C and D,there were no significant difference;about Lactic acid bacteria biomass,completed forage group was minimum and completed concentrate was maximum,among other groups were not significantly different.更多还原