室内无线定位算法研究

【作者】 徐凤燕；

【导师】 王宗欣；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 当前,无线通信技术飞速发展,在新技术和市场需求的共同作用下,未来无线通信技术的传输速率更高,同时具有更高的安全性、智能性和灵活性,以及更好的传输质量和服务质量。一方面,新的技术和标准层出不穷,但是,孤立的网络连接在未来通信中是毫无意义的。用户更希望能通过手中的多模终端,根据自己的需求随意地接入合适的网络进行通信,即未来各无线技术及网络间应该是融合的。同时,多种多样的无线网络业务也越来越引起人们的关注,无线网络已从原来的互连设备转变成一种多业务承载平台,这其中,获取用户位置则成为实现各项增值业务的关键,各种基于位置信息的移动业务层出不穷。本文在介绍了传统移动通信技术和无线宽带接入技术的发展演进的基础上,讨论了两大类技术各自的优缺点,指出两项技术的互补性。列举了移动定位的主要应用领域,探讨了定位服务的发展前景和潜在的问题,并描述了3G网络中的移动定位技术。论文着重对基于室内接收信号强度的定位技术进行了探讨:1.建立了一种根据相对接收功率的室内电波传播模型,避免了常用室内传播模型中参考位置的影响;2.提出了两种室内传播模型的参数估计方法:采用充分统计量的参数估计和数据拟合方法的参数估计;3.给出了与相对接收功率室内传播模型相应的两种定位算法;4.对上述参数估计、定位算法进行了相应的计算机仿真和验证;5.给出一种基于数据内插的指纹法室内定位算法,能在较少样本数据下有效获得用户位置;6.建立了一个基于区域划分的距离.损耗模型室内WLAN定位系统,用计算机辅助实时模拟实际环境,进而进行用户位置估计,在31m×26m的室内环境中,估计误差约1m左右。论文还针对第三代移动通信系统的发展,探讨了TD-SCDMA与WiMAX两种网络技术融合的可行性及优势,以适应今后移动通信的新进展。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,with the rapid development of wireless communications,the future of technologies will be featured with higher data rate,higher level of security, intelligence and flexibility,as well as better transmission quality and QoS.On the one hand,new technologies and standards turn out endlessly;on the other hand,an isolated network is meaningless for ubiquitous users,especially for the next generation evolution.Subscribers look forward to accessing any applicable network at anytime and anywhere,with only one multi-mode terminal at hand,so the future of wireless technology should be integrated.Meantime,a wide range of business models based on wireless networks have been increasingly attracting people’s attention.The original wireless network connection equipment is developing into a platform for varied business services.Among this,access to the location information has become a key to different value-added services.This dissertation discusses the possibility of the two technologies,mobile communications technology and wireless broadband access technology complementing each other after the introduction of their respective merits and deficiencies.The major applications of mobile positioning technologies and the prospects for location-based services,and the location techniques in 3G networks are also listed.Indoor positioning technology based on RSS distance-loss model is discussed in great detail then:1.An indoor distance-loss model based on relative received signal strength is set up to eliminate the effect of different reference positions;2.Two algorithms are illustrated about parameter estimation:sufficient statistics based algorithm and curve-fitting method;3.Two location algorithms based on the new distance-loss model are given out;4.Experiments in real environment are implemented to verify the production;5.An indoor location algorithm based on fingerprints,whose database is generated by Kriging interpolation is presented;6.An indoor localization system based the distance-loss model is set up with area partition,while computer assistance is adopted to simulate the real environment to obtain the users’ positions;locate estimation error less than 1 meter is achieved in an indoor laboratory of 31m×26m.After that,the third generation mobile communications technology and the feasibility and advantages of the interworking of TD-SCDMA and WiMAX is discussed.更多还原