【作者】 李洪良；

【导师】 李晓玲；

【作者基本信息】 西北民族大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 自然环境与自然资源是人类赖以生存、发展以及社会繁荣的基础和必要条件。但长期以来,人们并没有意识到这一点。片面追求经济利益的最大化虽使经济发展取得巨大成就,但人们也为此付出了巨大的代价——环境恶化和人与自然关系的严重失衡。为解决环境问题,人们创设了“自然保护区”保护模式。实践证明,自然保护区是人类保护环境的一大创举,对保护自然资源和生态环境、维护生态平衡、探索自然的发展演变规律以及对经济建设和科学文化教育事业的发展都做出了重大贡献。我国历来重视自然保护区的建设工作,目前已取得巨大成就。截止2006年,我国共建立自然保护区2395个,自然保护区总面积15153.5万公顷,占陆地总面积的15.8%,已经超过世界平均水平。在为这些成就感到欣喜的同时,我们也要清醒的认识到我国自然保护区保护工作尚存在许多不足。重建设轻管护、重经营轻管理、保护区破坏屡禁不止等问题屡见不鲜。在保护区管理存在的各种问题中,基于土地的基础地位,保护区土地权属问题是最基础、最根本的。权属不清造成保护区周边居民的利益得不到很好的维护,保护区居民不保护身边的保护区反而破坏保护区,进而造成保护区保护工作得不到人们广泛有力的监督;权属不清造成责任部门之间互相扯皮、推诿,利争责让,保护区管理工作落不到实处,等等。这些因保护区土地权属不清带来的问题严重影响了我国自然保护区的健康发展。在借鉴国外先进经验的基础上,结合我国的保护区管理实践,完善保护区土地取得、利用等相关问题,在此基础上有效解决上述问题,才能促进我国自然保护区的健康发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The natural environment and the natural resource are the foundation and essential condition of humanity development and social prosperous. But people have not realized this point. Although the one-sided purpose of economic interest’s maximization causes the great achievement, the people have also paid the huge price for this -- - - environmental deterioration and the serious unbalance between people and the nature. In order to solve the environment problem, the protected mode of nature reserveis established . The practice proved that the nature reserves was an effective work on the environment, which protected the natural resource ,ecological environment and ecological equilibrium, and maked the important contributions to the economic development and the science and culture education’s development.Our country has always attached importance to the nature reserve, and has scored great achievements. By 2006, our country has established 2,395 nature reserves with the total area of 151.535 million ha, accounting for 15.8 percent of the total land area, which is more than the world average. At the same time, we should also clearly aware of many deficiencies in the work. Giving regards to construction ignoring management, and the destruction of nature reserves are common occurrence. In the various issues of nature reserves management, the land ownership question is the most basic and fundamental. Unclear ownership resulted that the interests of the residents arounding protected areas are not very good preservation, protection does not protect the residents around the nature reserves instead of destruction of nature reserves, resulting in the protection of protected areas are not widely effective supervision; Ownership is unclear responsibilities of buck-passing between departments, prevarication, Lee indisputable responsibility for, the management of protected areas is not charged, and so on. These protected areas due to unclear land ownership problems brought about by a serious impact on the healthy development of China’s nature reserves.By referring the advanced experience from abroad on the basis of China’s protected areas management practices, improve the protection of land acquisition,use, and other related issues, find an effective solution to these problems , and promote the healthy development of China’s nature reserves.更多还原