【作者】 黄灿；

【导师】 岳书铭；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 财政支农问题是解决“三农”问题的关键,从制度安排的角度寻求提高地方政府财政支农效益的有效路径,对于贯彻中央城乡统筹战略,解决“三农”问题,建设社会主义新农村,促进社会经济的持续稳定发展,不仅具有重要的理论价值,而且具有重要的现实意义。本文在内容上分为六个部分:(1)主要介绍本文的研究背景、研究方法、研究内容总体框架,以及对已有研究成果进行归纳梳理;(2)首先提出了我国实施财政支农政策的基本依据;其次概述了财政支农政策目标及其为实现政策目标可使用的手段,并结合我国财政支农政策的演变着重分析了当前地方政府财政支农行为存在的问题;(3)考察了枣庄市财政支农的现状并分析了其特点和效果,指出了财政支农实践中普遍存在的问题;(4)从宏观和微观两个角度对省市两级地方政府财政支农绩效进行了进一步的深入分析,为创新财政支农机制奠定了基础;(5)重点考察了国外政府扶持农业发展的政策与实践,找出了它们的共性及其借鉴意义;(6)提出并论证了省市两级地方政府财政支农机制创新的有利条件、创新领域及提升省市两级地方政府财政支农机制创新效率的相关制度安排。本文的主要研究结果(结论)是:一、实施财政扶持农业发展的做法具有充分的理论依据和现实依据。其中的理论依据是:农业在国民经济中的基础地位,对社会发展的特殊作用,以及农业的自身特点和我国农业的发展现状,决定了其发展必须得到财政的支持。其中的现实依据是:我国已经进入了工业化的中期阶段,国民经济的主导产业已由农业转变为非农产业,国民经济增长的动力主要来自于非农产业;在工农产业关系的处理上,强调农业为工业发展提供剩余的时代已经结束,在新的历史条件下,农业应成为财政重点“支持”的部门,而不是受“挤压”的部门。二、建立财政支农长效机制既具有必要性也具有现实可行性:由于多年的来巨额农业资源的流出,使得农业自我积累的能力十分脆弱,已经严重影响了农业持续健康发展,因此我们应该尽快改变这种重工业、轻农业,重城市、轻农村的国民收入分配格局,彻底改变公共财政对农业的不公平待遇,逐步调整国民收入分配格局,加大财政支农的力度。而且,我国工业经过几十年的积累,已经建立了比较完整的工业体系,应该并且已经有能力对农业予以扶持。三、以枣庄市财政支农实际状况为依据,讨论了地方政府财政支农实践中带有普遍性的问题。并从宏观和微观两个角度对省市两级地方政府财政支农绩效进行了进一步的深入分析,为省市两级地方政府财政支农机制创新奠定了基础。四、着眼于省市两级地方政府财政支农机制创新,界定了省市两级地方政府进行财政支农机制创新目标:有效增进本辖区范围内与农业发展和农民增收关系密切的公共品供给。围绕这一目标提出并论证了省市两级地方政府财政支农机制创新的有利条件和应坚持的原则。强调今后省市两级地方政府财政支农机制创新的重点包括:构建政府与市场的有效对接机制、构建农业投入的激励引导机制、建立健全财政支农资金的稳定增长机制。与此相适应,构建规范化的公共财政制度、地方政府财政支农资金科学决策以及管理制度应给予必要的重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 The financial supporting agriculture question is the key of three dimensional rural issue. The means of finance supporting agriculture from the institution, consolidating urban and rural co-ordinate strategy, solving three dimensional rural issue, building socialism new countryside, promoting social economy stably and quickly, is not only has theoretical value, but also practical significance. This article divides into six parts in the content,(1): The main introduction this article research background, the research technique, the research content overall frame, as well as to had theresearch results to carry on the induction to comb; (2): Firstly proposes the basic basis of financial supporting agriculture policy in our country; then summarize the goal of the financial supporting agriculture policy and method, and analyze the question current local authority finance supporting agriculture behavior by the evolution of supporting finance agriculture; (3): On the basis of inspecting the Zaozhuang finance supporting agriculture, analyzes its character and the effect, and pointed out the practice question in finance supporting agriculture; (4): From macroscopic and the microscopic two angles to analyze the local authority finance supporting agriculture achievements, then lay the foundation for the innovation finance supporting agriculture mechanism; (5): Inspecting the overseas government to support the agricultural development with emphasis the policy and the practice, discover the general character and reference to our country; (6): Propose and prove the local authority finance supporting agriculture mechanism innovation advantage, the innovation domain and promotes the local authority finance supporting agriculture mechanism innovation efficiency the related instuation arrangement.The main conclusions of this article:First, the local authority implements of the financial support agricultural development have the full theory basis and the reality basis. Theory basis is: On the basis of the foundation status to national economy, the special function to the society, as well as the character and situation of agriculture development in our country, the agriculture development must obtain financial supporting.Reality basis is: Our country has already entered the industrialization intermediate stage, and the national economy has grown from the agriculture into the non- agricultural production industry, and the national economy has grown from the non-agricultural production industry; The relationship between industry and agriculture, the period of the agriculture providing the surplus to the industrial development has passed away, under the new historical condition, the agriculture should become the support department, but was not received extrusion department.Second, the establishment of finance supporting agriculture persistent effect mechanism has not only necessity but also realistic feasibility: Because the large amount agricultural resources flowing out many years, the agricultural self- accumulation ability was frail, which seriously affected the healthy agriculture development, therefore we should change this heavy industry, the light agriculture as soon as possible, the heavy city, the light countryside national income assignment pattern, the thorough change public finance to the agricultural unfair treatment, gradually adjusted the national income assignment pattern, enlarged financial supporting agriculture dynamics. Moreover, our country industry passes through several dozens years accumulation, has already established the quite complete industrial system, and already have the ability to support to the agriculture.Third, taking the Zaozhuang finance supporting agriculture actual condition as the basis, discuss the question in the local authority finance supporting agriculture practice question. From macroscopic and the microscopic two angles to analyze the local authority finance supporting agriculture achievements, then lay the foundation for the innovation finance supporting agriculture mechanism.Fourth, this article focuses on the local authority finance supporting agriculture mechanism innovation, and put forward the innovation goal of the local authority to carry on the financial supporting agriculture mechanism. Effectively promotes public surplus in this area of jurisdiction scope additionally receives the relational close with the agricultural development and the farmer. Revolving this goal proposes and proves the advantage and principle which the local authority finance supporting agriculture mechanism innovation should persist. the next jobs of local authority finance supporting agriculture mechanism innovation will include: Constructs the effective docking mechanism between government and market, constructs the agriculture to throw person’s drive guidance mechanism, builds the stable mechanism of perfect finance supporting agriculture . Adapting with this, constructs standardized public financial system, the local authority finance supporting agriculture fund macro-scientific policy-making as well as the control system should give the essential value.更多还原