【作者】 步长英；

【导师】 李同树；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究分为两个试验,分别研究丝兰皂甙、芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生产性能、氮代谢和排泄物氨气散发量的影响。试验一,丝兰皂甙、芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生产性能和氮代谢的影响。试验选用一周龄AA肉鸡360只随机分为8个处理组,在日粮中添加3个水平的丝兰皂甙(60,120,240mg/kg)和3个水平的芽孢杆菌(0.1%,0.3%,0.5%),并设空白对照组和抗生素对照组(20mg/kg杆菌肽锌);分别测定各处理组21日龄和42日龄肉鸡生产性能;测定各处理组21日龄和42日龄新鲜排泄物和大小肠内容物中尿酸含量;测定各处理组21日龄和42日龄肉鸡血清中总蛋白,白蛋白和尿酸含量;测定各处理组肉鸡对饲粮中粗蛋白的利用率。结果表明,丝兰皂甙和芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生产性能无显著影响(P>0.05);120mg/kg丝兰皂甙能提高21日龄肉鸡蛋白质的分解代谢,240mg/kg丝兰皂甙能提高42日龄肉鸡蛋白质分解代谢;0.5%芽孢杆菌能提高21日龄肉鸡蛋白质分解代谢。三水平丝兰皂甙和芽孢杆菌组均显著提高肉鸡对饲粮粗蛋白的利用率(P<0.05)。试验二,丝兰皂甙、芽孢杆菌对肉鸡排泄物氨气散发量的影响。试验设计同试验一。分别测定各组肉鸡14和28日龄排泄物脲酶活性和氨气的散发量;分别于21和42日龄,每组取6只鸡屠宰,取盲肠,实验室测定其大肠杆菌和乳酸菌含量。结果表明,对于脲酶活性,各丝兰皂甙组显著升高了14日龄排泄物脲酶活性(P<0.05), 60mg/kg丝兰皂甙组显著降低了28日龄排泄物脲酶活性(P<0.05),各芽孢杆菌组显著降低排泄物脲酶活性(P<0.05);对于排泄物氨气散发量,60mg/kg丝兰皂甙组显著降低了28日龄肉鸡排泄物氨气的散发量量(P<0.05),各芽孢杆菌组显著降低排泄物氨气散发量(P<0.05);对于盲肠菌群,饲粮中添加丝兰皂甙显著降低21日龄肉鸡盲肠中大肠杆菌含量(P<0.05),各组间肉鸡盲肠乳酸杆菌含量无显著差异(P>0.05),饲粮中添加芽孢杆菌肉鸡盲肠中大肠杆菌有降低的趋势,乳酸杆菌有增加的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment were designed into two experiments and investigate the effect of yucconin and bacillus on growth performance, nitrogen metabolism and production of alkaline air in the cultivate environment of broilers.In Exp.1, the effect of yucconin and bacillus on growth performance and nitrogen metabolism of broilers. 360 AA broilers were randomly allocated into eight groups. 60mg/kg, 120mg/kg and 240 mg/kg Yucconin0.1%,0.3%,0.5% bacillus were added into basal diet, respectively. The basal diet and with 20mg/kg bacitacin zinc in basal diet were served as control. Determined the growth performance, uric acid in feces, small intestine contents and big intestine contents, total protein, albumn and uric acid in serum of 21-d-old and 42-d-old broilers, determined the utilization rate of crude protein in the diets. The results showed that: the addition of yucconin and bucillus to the diet had no siginificantly difference on the growth performance(P>0.05). The addition of 120mg/kg yucconin to the diet raised the raised the katabolic metabolism of protein on 21-d-old broilers, the addition of 240mg/kg yucconin to rhe diet raised raised the katabolic metabolism of protein on 42-d-old broilers, the addition of 0.5% bacillus to rhe diet raised raised the katabolic metabolism of protein on 21-d-old broilers. Added yucconin and bucillua to the diet significantly increased the utilization rate of crude protein in the diets(P<0.05).In Exp.2, the effect of yucconin and bucillus on production of alkaline air in the cultivate environment of broilers. The design of experiment was the same as Exp.1. Determined the enzymatic activity of urase and production of alkaline air on 14-d-old broilers and 28-d-old briolers, abataged 6 broilers each treatment on 21-d-old and 42-d-old, to got the caecum, determined the contents of Bacillus coli and Bacillus acidi lactici. The results showed that: with production of alkaline air in feces, the addition of yucconin to the diet siginificantly increased the enzymatic activity of urase on 14-d-old broilers (P<0.05), the addition of 60mg/kg yucconin siginificantly decreased the enzymatic activity of urase on 14-d-old broilers (P<0.05), with production of alkaline air in feces, the addition of 60mg/kg yucconin siginificantly decreased the production of alkaline air in feces on 14-d-old broilers (P<0.05), added bucillus to the diet siginificantly decreased the production of alkaline air in feces(P<0.05), with the microbial population of caecum, the addition of yucconin to the diet siginificantly decreased the contents of Bacillus coli(P<0.05), there was no siginificantly difference between each treatment of Bacillus acidi lactici(P>0.05), the addition of bacillus to the diet had no siginificantly difference on the microbial population of caecum(P>0.05).更多还原