【作者】 孔繁振；

【导师】 李军旗；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 有色金属冶金， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文针对瓮福磷矿浮选尾矿的资源特点,将磷尾矿作为高磷白云石矿进行处理,舍弃了传统的白云石碳化法,提出了铵盐选择浸出的生产工艺。不仅开发出具有高附加值和工业应用前景的氢氧化镁、氧化镁以及轻质碳酸钙,并获得了可用于湿法磷酸生产工艺的磷精矿,同时也缓解了由于大量磷尾矿堆存所带来的一系列环保问题,较好地实现了资源的综合利用。通过对磷尾矿物相及成分的分析,各组分的物理化学性质的分析,以及热力学理论的应用,研究了煅烧、浸出试验的合理性及可行性。通过对磷尾矿的煅烧试验,确定了最佳的煅烧条件。在此条件下,磷尾矿的失重率为38.06%。对煅烧后熟料的浸出试验,确定了氧化钙浸出的最佳条件。此条件下,钙的浸出率为80.43%,镁的浸出率为1.12%,能够较好地实现钙镁的分离。对提钙后滤渣的硫酸铵浸出试验,采用单因素试验与正交试验的结合,确定了氧化镁浸出的最佳条件。此条件下,镁的浸出率达91%以上,达到了理想的浸出效果。对硝酸钙溶液净化、碳化后制备的轻质碳酸钙,对硫酸镁溶液净化、氨水沉淀后制备的氢氧化镁,以及对氢氧化镁进行焙烧后制备的氧化镁,三者经检测均能达到相关的国家质量标准。通过对磷尾矿煅烧熟料的二段浸出,所得滤渣为P₂O₅含量达38%以上的优质磷精矿,且回收率达88.58%。本试验工艺条件易于控制,操作简单,对设备要求低,基本上可以实现氨碳的循环利用,仅有少量对环境无污染的废渣。上述研究成果对瓮福磷矿浮选尾矿的开发利用具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the resource and characteristics of the floatation tailings from Wengfu phosphate,the selective leaching technique using ammonium salt was carried out to treat the phosphate tailings instead of the traditional dolomite carbonization arts and crafts.By means of the technique,not only the high added value products,such as magnesium hydroxide,magnesium oxide and light calcium carbonate,were obtained, but also enriched phosphate concentrate from the phosphate tailings was obtained, which can be used in wet-phosphorous acid process.Furthermore,the environmental questions arised from the pile-up of a mass of phosphate tailings can be solved and the comprehensive utilization of resources can be come true.The phase composition and chemical constituent of the phosphate tailings were analyzed,and the physicochemical properties of each component were studied detailedly.Meantimes,the thermodynamics theories were applied to analyze the rationality and the feasibility of calcination and leaching test.Based on the calcination test of the phosphate tailings,the optimum calcined conditions were obtained,in which the weight-loss ratio of the phosphate tailings can get to 38.06%.The optimum conditions of calcium oxide leaching were obtained through the leaching test of the calcined product,in which the leaching ratio of calcium can reach 80.43%,the leaching ratio of magnesium being only 1.12%,and calcium and magnesium can be separated well.In the test of ammonium sulfate leaching filter residue after extracting calcium,single factor tests combined orthogonal test were adopted to find the optimum conditions of magnesium oxide leaching.Under the conditions,the leaching ratio of magnesium can achieve over 91%,and leaching effect was very satisfactory.In experiments,light calcium carbonate was obtained from nitrate of lime solution by cleaning and carburizing process,magnesium hydroxide obtained from magnesium sulfate solution by cleaning and using ammonia water as precipitant,and magnesium oxide was obtained from magnesium hydroxide by roasting.The above-mentioned three products can all meet the correlative quality standard of GB of China by check analysis. By means of the two-phase leaching of the calcined product of the phosphate tailings,the resulting filter residue is a high quality of phosphate concentrate with a over 38%P₂O₅ grade and 88.58%recovery.The technological conditions of the test are easy controlled with simple operation and low facility request.NH₃ and CO₂ can also be utilized circularly,and only a small quantity of waste slag that is pollution-free to our environment was produced.The research in this paper can provide some valuable reference for exploitation and utilization of Wengfu phosphate floatation tailings.更多还原