节点文献
制备生物柴油催化剂的研究和应用
【作者】 王俊；
【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 有机化学， 2008， 硕士
【摘要】 本论文从设计制备出的大量固体碱催化剂中筛选出具有较高催化活性的KOAc/NiO催化剂。优化了催化剂组成配比以及制备条件:通过研究最终采用浸渍法,以氧化亚镍为载体,醋酸钾为活性组分前体,氨水作为溶剂,KOAc/NiO=40%(质量百分比)、焙烧温度550℃、焙烧时间为4h,利用XRD、DTA、IR及化学滴定等手段对催化剂进行了表征。以天然油脂(贵州产麻疯树籽油)和甲醇作为酯交换反应原料,优化了催化制备生物柴油条件为:油和甲醇摩尔比为1∶10、催化剂用量为原料油质量2%、在回流温度下反应4h,得到脂肪酸甲酯含量为96.93%,甲醇回收率达到81.75%,生物柴油收率为92.48%。该工艺操作简单,可直接分离获得脂肪酸甲酯和副产物甘油,整个过程无三废污染。
【Abstract】 Seventy solid base catalysis were prepared and screened,during which KOAc/NiO was found possessing good catalytial.Chiemal components and preparation condition were the optimized.Catalyst was further studied:using ammonia as solvent,KOAc and NiO weight ratio 4:10,calcinated at 550℃for 4 hs.The catalyst characterized by XRD、DTA、IR and chemical titration.The effective catalyst was employed to catalyze the transesterification of crude oil of Jatropha curcas L(Guizhou Province).It was found that the optimized conditions were catalyzes amount 2%,1:10 molar ratio of oil to methanol,react at atmosphere pressure and at methanol reflux temperature,Under this conditions fatty acid methyl ester contents were 96.93%after 4 h reaction,yield 92.48%and with more than 81.75%recovery of methanol.Process is simple,and biodisesl and glycerol can be easily separation.There are no pollutions had been found during the whole processes.
【Key words】 Solid-base catalyst； biodiesel； preparation； characterization； heterogeneous；