【作者】 任斐；

【导师】 李长健；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 经济法学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 金融是现代市场经济的核心,金融秩序直接关系到国民经济的健康发展。银行业在一国金融体系中占有重要地位,由于银行业的特殊性,使得其具有极其广泛、深刻的渗透性和扩散性功能,银行业成为国民经济的神经中枢和社会经济的调节机构,能够影响国家社会、政治、经济发展,其稳定直接关系到社会政治局面和国民经济的稳定。市场经济国家的实践表明:不论是发达国家还是发展中国家,以银行为主体的金融业都是受监管最为严厉的行业,银行危机防范与救助法律制度是各国干预市场法律制度中的重要组成部分。由于银行体系在我国金融体系中的重要地位和它是否稳定对于整个国民经济稳定的决定性意义,加强银行监管,防范银行危机,维护金融体系的安全和稳定,保护存款人利益正逐渐成为社会各界的共识。本研究以法的安全价值为分析基点,注重银行危机牵动的社会安全,以政府、银行、社会三重主体的联动监管为现实基础,整合与创新我国传统的银行监管资源,全新构建了防范和救助并重的商业银行危机处置体系。研究中,笔者首先对商业银行危机的基本理论进行梳理,分析商业银行危机生成的内外部原因以及制度根源,同时结合法学、经济学、金融学等相关理论,包括法的不完备性理论、信息不对称理论、金融脆弱性理论、道德风险理论等,对商业银行危机救助与防范法律制度进行了多学科视角的较系统全方位的分析,在此基础上提出“新危机防范与救助理论”,深化并发展了传统的危机防范与救助理论,并从体系归属、法的价值视阈对银行危机防范与救助的具体制度设计进行准确定位,从而为商业银行危机防范与救助法律制度研究夯实理论基础,提供理论指导。其次,通过对国内外商业银行危机防范与救助法律制度的相关比较,以及对法兴银行事件的实证分析,明确了国际金融业危机防范与救助的基本方向和整体趋势,结合我国的商业银行危机处置现状与缺失,其中获得有益的借鉴与启示,为我国商业银行危机防范与救助法律制度的系统性建立提供现实的有益的指导思路。再次,以动态、灵活、体系化为理念内核构建全新的商业银行监管体系,实现对银行危机的有效预防和控制。以最后贷款人制度、存款保险制度和商业银行信用风险制度为基本要素构建我国的商业银行危机救助制度体系,实现对危机银行的有效控制并防范危机的扩散。在此基础上,优化商业银行的生态环境,促进商业银行危机处置的国际协调,建立顺应国际趋势的商业银行危机防范与救助法律制度体系。本论文之研究希冀提供政府相关单位作为日后修法或立法之参考,并有助于我国商业银行体系的持续健康发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Finance is the core of the modern market economy, financial market order directly related to the healthy development of the national economy. Banking in the financial system in a country occupies an important position. As the special nature of the banking sector, it is extremely broad, deep penetration and the proliferation of sexual function. Banking is the nerve center of the national economy and socio-economic regulation, it can affect national social, political and economic development, and its stability directly related to social and political situation and national economic stability. The practice of market economy countries that: Whether developed or developing, the main bank for the financial sector are the most severely regulated industries, the legal system of the commercial banking crisis prevention and salvation is an important part in the state intervention of market legal system. As the banking system in China’s financial system at an important position, and it is stable for the entire national economy and stability of the decisive significance, strengthen banking supervision and prevent banking crises, safeguard the financial system’s security and stability, protect the interests of depositors and the community is gradually becoming a consensus. This study analysis on the security value, pay attention to the banking crisis affecting social security, government, banking, social interaction triple the supervision of the main practical basis, integration and innovation of China’s traditional banking supervisory resources, build a new preventive and Rescue both of the commercial banking crisis in the disposal system.In this study, the author first expounded on the basic commercial banking crisis theory and analysis of commercial banking crisis generated by internal and external reasons and causes of the system, combined with law, economics, finance, and other relevant theories, Including the incomplete theory, asymmetric information theory, theory of financial vulnerability, the risk of moral hazard theory, The commercial banking crisis salvation and the legal system to guard against a multidisciplinary perspective of the more comprehensive system of analysis, on the basis of the "new crisis prevention and salvation theory", to deepen and develop the traditional theory of crisis prevention and salvation, and from attribution system, depending on the threshold of the value of the banking crisis relief and prevention of specific systems designed for accurate positioning, so as to commercial banks crisis prevention and relief on the legal system reinforce the theoretical basis, to provide theoretical guidance.Secondly, compared the domestic and international commercial banking crisis prevention and salvation legal system, analysis on "the Societe Generale bank incident", clearly the international financial crisis prevention and relief of the basic direction and the overall trend of China’s commercial banking crisis disposal of the status quo and missing, which was a useful reference and inspiration for China’s commercial banks crisis prevention and relief of systematic establishment of the legal system to provide useful guidance to the reality of ideas.Thirdly, build a new commercial banking supervision system with dynamic, flexible, systematic mind, to effectively control and prevention of banking crisis. To the lender of last resort system, the deposit insurance system and credit risk system as the basic elements of construction of China’s commercial banking crisis salvation systems, to achieve effective control of the bank crisis and to prevent the spread of the crisis. On this basis, optimizing the ecological environment of commercial banks, commercial banks promote the disposal of the international crisis coordination, follow the international trend of the commercial banking crisis prevention and relief legal system.In this study, we hope the relevant government units to provide for future legislation amending the law or reference, and contribute to China’s commercial banking system’s sustained and healthy development.更多还原