【作者】 祖立义；

【导师】 傅新红； 李冬梅；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 农业技术推广体系是农业支持保护体系的重要组成部分,是实施科教兴农战略的重要载体,是提高农民科学文化素质的依靠力量。改革开放以来,我国农技推广体系建设取得了可喜的成绩,积累了宝贵的经验,为推动我国农业科技进步、发展农业生产,发挥了重要的作用。在今后农业发展过程中,农业技术推广将起到更大作用。在新的时期,农业发展所面临的资源、环境等问题日益凸现,走依靠科技进步的资源节约、环境友好型的发展道路是实现农业可持续发展的必然选择。农业技术推广,作为农业科技进步中重要环节,它的发展程度决定了农业科技进步的水平,从而影响着农业的可持续发展。我国农技推广服务体系改革后,需对我国以政府为主导的农技推广在促进农业科技成果转化、农业科技进步中的作用进行评价。基于种植业是农业的基础,种植业推广体系是农业推广体系中创立早、公益性强、人员多、体系全的部分,本研究中的“农业”是指的“种植业”。本研究采用因素分析法、C-D生产函数法尝试把以政府主导的农技推广从农业科技进步中分离出来,以期在农技推广贡献方面做初步的探讨。本研究包括六个部分:第一章为绪论部分。通过对以往研究的综述,发现在农技推广和科技进步之间关系方面的研究文献很少,定量分析科技进步中农技推广作用的文献就更少。本部分提出研究的目的、思路和方法。第二部分为理论借鉴。介绍了经济增长理论,科技进步理论,技术推广和技术扩散理论,为本研究分析农业科技进步与农业技术推广、测算农业科技进步、测算农业技术推广在科技进步中作用做好铺垫。第三部分为农业科技进步与农技推广关系分析。该部分进一步阐述分析农业科技进步和农技推广的内涵,对农业科技进步现状及测定方法进行分析;分析了农技推广进展、农技推广与科技进步之间关系。本研究认为,农业技术推广是农业科技进步系统中重要的一个环节,技术推广是连接技术创新和技术采用、扩散的纽带,是实现科技进步过程中的必不可少的子系统。第四章为农业科技进步测算的实证部分。本研究针对我国2000-2006年农业生产相关数据,采用具有广泛适用性的C-D生产函数建立模型。结果显示:我国农业科技进步率和科技进步贡献率在东部、中部和西部之间存在显著差异,东部、中部和西部科技进步率分别为1.96%、1.52%和1.26%;科技进步贡献率方面,东部最高,达到47%,中部次之,而西部最低。第五章为农业技术推广作用的测定及分析。本部分在分析农业科技进步影响因素的基础上,通过建立多种模型,结合数据进行模拟选择,最后选用了C-D生产函数模型进行回归分析。结果表明:由于近年来农技推广体系改革,使农技推广作用在生产中的作用受到影响,各地区种植业技术推广对科技进步的贡献都较低;科技成果变量的贡献方面,东部、中部较高,西部地区较低;东部和西部地区结构调整变量的贡献值较中部地区结构调整贡献值高。第六章为研究结论与政策建议。本研究得出两点结论:1、2000-2006年农业科技进步率较“九五”时期有所下降;2、相比科技成果与结构调整的作用,农业技术推广对科技进步的作用较低。最后提出以下政策建议:1、农业技术推广投入方面,加快完善农技推广体系的改革,加大农业技术推广经费的投入,使农技推广对农业生产的作用尽早发挥出来。尤其是强化中部和西部地区农业生产中推广投入,要加强农业新技术的推广和应用,提升科技进步的水平;2、在结构调整方面,东部和西部地区的结构调整对科技进步的贡献都较高,尤其是西部地区,政府应大力支持该地区的农业结构调整;3、农业科技成果方面,东部地区经济发达,农业科技成果较多,对当地农业科技进步起到了很大作用,政府应大力支持科研活动、科技成果的转化与推广,同时积极推动东部地区成果向中、西部地区转移和扩散。更多还原

【Abstract】 The agricultural technology promotion system is the agricultural support protection system’s important component, is the important carrier of implementing the science & technology education promotion of agriculture strategy, is the dependence strength of improving the farmer’s science and culture quality. Since the reform and open policy, our country’s agricultural technology promotion system construction which has made the encouraging progress, gained in the precious experience, has played the vital role to promote our country’s agricultural science & technology progress, develop agriculture production. The agricultural technology promotion will play the major role in the present agricultural development process. In the new time, the agricultural development which faces the resources and environment questions and so on day by day in reliefs, inevitably chooses the environment friendly development path dependent of science & technology progress. The agricultural technology promotion, as the important link in the agricultural science & technology progress, whose development degree has decided the agricultural science & technology advance level, thus is affecting the agricultural sustainable development.How appraise the function of the government-leading agricultural technology promotion in promoting agriculture science & technology achievements transformation and agricultural science & technology progress. Based on the planting Industry is the agricultural foundation and the planting Industry’s promotion system establishes early、has the strong public welfare、has many personnel and the entire system part, this study’s range is the planting Industry technology promotion. Adopting the factor analytic method and the C-D production function method, this research attempts to separate the government-leading agricultural technology promotion from the agricultural science & technology progress, makes the preliminary discussion in the agricultural technology promotion contribution aspect. The research including six parts:The first chapter is the introduction part. Through the summary of formerly studied, we discovered that the research literature that concerns the relations between the agricultural technology promotion and the science & technology progress is very few, the quantitative analysis of the agricultural technology promotion function’s in agricultural science & technology progress are less. This part proposes the research goal, the mentality and the method.The second part is reference for the relative theory. Introduces the economic growth theory, the science & technology progress theory, the technology promotion and the technology diffusion theory, prepares for this article’s deep research. The third part is the relationship analysis of agricultural science & technology and the agricultural technology promotion. Further analysis agricultural science & technology progress and the agricultural technology promotion’s connotation. Analysis the present situation and the determination method of agricultural science & technology progress, as well as the progresses of agricultural technology promotion and the relationship analysis of the agricultural technology promotion and the agricultural science & technology progress.The fourth chapter is planting Industry science & technology progress real diagnosis part. This article takes our country’s (2000-2006) agricultural economic data, uses the quantitative analysis method, specifically widespread serviceable C-D production function model building. Results as following: Our country’s planting industry science & technology has the remarkable difference in the eastern part, the middle and the western. The planting Industry science & technology progress’s contribution rate of the eastern is highest, 47%, and the middle’s is the second, the western’s is the lowest.The fifth chapter is planting industry technology promotion function’s determination and analysis. This part selects the C-D production function model to carry on the regression analysis. The result indicates: Consider the resent technology promotion system reform, technology promotion’s contribution to agricultural science & technology progress is low; The science & technology achievements contribution aspect, the east and the middle is higher, the western area is lower; The east and the western area structural adjustment variable’s contribution respectively is higher, the middle area structural adjustment contribution value is extremely low.The sixth chapter is the study conclusion and policy suggestion. The research drawns two conclusions: 1, from 2000-2006 the rate of the agricultural scientific and technological progress has declined compared with the "9th Five-Year" period; 2, Compared to the restructuring of scientific and technological achievements and the role of promoting agricultural technology, the role of agricultural technological promotion is lower. Finally, proposes the following policy recommendations: 1, Input aspects of planting industry technology promotion: promote planting industry technology promotion system reform; ensure that the planting Industry technology promotion function quickly plays important role; put more money into the process of the planting Industry technology promotion, especially the middle and the western. The middle and the wesrern area’s planting Industry production are achieved mainly by inputs not by science & technology progress, compared with the eastern. So the government should support the new technology promotion and use vigorously in those areas. 2, the aspect of planting industry structural adjustment: the structural adjustment contribution to science & technology progress is higher in the eastern and the western. The government should vigorously promote the structural adjustment in these areas. 3, the aspect of planting industry science & technology achievements: The eastern science & technology achievement plays an important role in promoting the eastern planting industry science & technology progress. The government helps the eastern to transfer the science & technology achievements to the middle and the western.更多还原