【作者】 李仁波；

【导师】 岳钦艳；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 城市污水厂污泥是水处理过程中产生的固体废弃物,如果处理不当,不仅会对环境造成二次污染,同时也是对资源的严重浪费。目前我国城市污水厂污泥的处理处置方式主要是焚烧、填埋和堆肥,这些处理处置方式或多或少地存在着一些问题。因此,开辟一条新的污泥资源化利用途径显得尤为重要。本论文以污泥作为主要原料,添加粉煤灰和粘土作为辅料来烧制陶粒滤料,对配料的最佳配比进行了筛选,并考察了烧制过程中各主要因素(干燥时间、预热温度、预热时间、烧胀温度和烧胀时间)对产品性能指标(比表面积、松散容重和颗粒容重)的影响,最终结合正交试验确定了污泥作为主要原料烧制陶粒的最佳工艺条件;然后,将污泥陶粒与普通商品陶粒作为对照,检验其在废水处理实验中的性能,进一步论证了其在废水处理中的可行性。以比表面积、松散容重和颗粒容重为衡量标准,通过单因素试验和正交试验,筛选出制备污泥陶粒滤料的最佳原料配比为:污泥∶粉煤灰∶粘土=2∶3∶1,最佳工艺条件为:干燥时间1h、预热温度300℃、预热时间20min、焙烧温度1100℃、焙烧时间8min。此时制得的陶粒比表面积为4.222m~2/g,松散容重为635kg/m~3,颗粒容重1146kg/m~3。孔隙结构分析表明污泥陶粒具有粗糙的表面,丰富的孔隙结构和较高的比表面积,是一种优良的微生物载体,适合作为水处理用的填料。XRD衍射分析表明污泥陶粒基本同商品陶粒一样,其晶体结构主要是氧化结构和硅酸盐结构粒。污泥陶粒的浸出液中几种重金属的浓度均低于国标GB 5085.3—2007(《危险废物鉴别标准—浸出毒性鉴别》)中规定的浸出液最高允许浓度,这表明污泥陶粒用于水处理是安全、可行的,但不建议用于饮用水的处理。将污泥陶粒用作曝气生物滤池的填料,处理模拟生活污水和实际生活污水,在挂膜过程以及各个运行条件下均取得了良好的效果,这表明利用污泥制备陶粒是可行的,污泥陶粒是一种性能良好的水处理用填料,可以作为一种高效、安全、经济和可行的产品替代用于水处理的商用粘土陶粒和页岩陶粒,从而实现污泥的减量化、无害化和资源化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sewage sludge of municipal wastewater treatment plant is solid waste which must be disposed suitably, or else it will bring secondary pollution and waste of resources. In China, the primary treatment methods include incineration, landfill and compost at present, and more or less shortages exist in these methods. So developing a new way of sluge source reuse seems to be particularly importmant.In this study, the sewage sludge of municipal wastewater treatment plant was used as principal material to sinter ceramsite. meanwhile, the fly ash and clay was used as additives. The best mass ratio of raw materials was selected. And the impact of main factors, such as dry time, pretreatment temperature, pretreatment time, sinter temperature, and sinter time, on the characteristics of sludge ceramsite (specific surface area, bulk density, granule density) were studied. Orthorhombic experiment was carried out to determine the best technique conditions for the sludge ceramsite produce. Biological Aerated Filters ( BAFs ) with sludge ceramsite and commercial ceramsite as biofilm media, respectively, were designed to treat the simulated wastewater. And the results showed that the application of sludge ceramsite as biofilm media in wastewater treatment was feasible.Based on the specific surface area, bulk density and granule density, the best mass ratio of raw materials was determined as follows, sewage sludge: fly ash: clay = 2: 3: 1. And the best preparation conditions were also obtained as follows: the dry time was 1h. the pretreatment temperature was 300℃. the pretreatment time was 20min. the sinter temperature was 1100℃. and the sinter time was 8min. Under this condition, the characteristics of prepared sludge ceramsite were as follows: the specific surface area was 4.222 m~2/g. the bulk density was 635 kg/m~3. the granule density was 1146 kg/m~3. Performance of sludge cetamsite was tested and analyzed, and the reaults showed the fittness of sludge ceramsite for the requirements of biofilmcarrier. The contents of metal elements in the lixivium of the sludge ceramsite was within the content range defined in the Chinese standard GB 5085.3-2007. which indicated that the application of sludge ceramsite was feasible and secure for wastewater treatment, but not for drinking water treatment. The sludge ceramsite was used as the biofilm media in BAF to treat the simulated wastewater and actual sewage. The effects of sludge ceramsite both in the process of biofilm attachment and natural circulation were very good, and were better than that of commercial ceramsite.The above results indicated that the sludge ceramsite could be employed as an effective, safe and economically feasible substitute for commercial clay ceramsite or shale ceramsite in wastewater treatment. So the resource reuse of sewage sludge could be achieved.更多还原