【作者】 王彬；

【导师】 陈炎；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 文艺学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 解释学是一门古老而又富有生机的学问,二十世纪经加达默尔的开拓成为显学。关于解释学的研究资料可谓卷帙浩繁,然而却很少有人关注尼采的解释学思想,更少有人将尼采的解释学思想放在整个解释学的发展史中加以研究,考察它与接受美学的内在关联。文章重点研究尼采的解释学思想,在此基础上,揭示它对接受美学的影响。对于尼采解释学思想的研究,文章首先概述了尼采的基本思想,其次分析了尼采解释学的理论基础,认为生成的世界观和透视主义的认识论奠定了尼采解释学的理论基础,正是由于世界观的转变引发了认识论的革新,使得尼采的解释学突破了原有的解释观念,抛弃了原意说、客观论,转而将解释看作是植入意义的创造活动,并将解释内化到生命过程中,从而成为拯救虚无主义的一剂良方。换句话说,尼采的解释学就是要让生命在解释过程中寻求价值的重建,它是开放的、历史的、未完成的,而这一思想的确启发了后来的解释学、美学思想巨匠。从美学的角度看,解释学存在着与美学逐渐融合的趋势。通常认为,加达默尔完成了解释学与美学的融合,使解释学完成了后现代转向,因为他的出发点就是艺术作品的审美经验,最终完成的是对话交流式的开放性、历史性的理解。文章认为解释学的后现代转向是从尼采开始的,它不仅体现在思想的承接上,如第四章所述的创造性、过程性、不确定性,而且尼采思想本身在西方的解释·接受美学发展之路上有着紧密的师承关系,海德格尔曾经仔细研究过尼采,著有《尼采》一书,加达默尔作为海德格尔的学生,其解释学思想深受海德格尔的影响,而接受美学的创始人尧斯又是加达默尔的学生,他的接受美学思想可以说是加达默尔哲学解释学基础上的文学解释学。从中我们可以看出,尼采与接受美学虽然时隔久远,但是却有着内在的思想承接关系。通过对尼采解释学思想及其对接受美学的影响研究,我们可以看出解释学不仅是二十世纪的一门显学,它还为美学研究开启了一个新的维度,那就是美学研究从作者中心论转向读者中心论研究,美学研究开始在历史性、开放性、主体性中重新获得新的学术增长点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hermeneutics, the age-old learning, is still full of vigor. With the efforts of Gadamer, it became a noted school of thought in the 20th century. However, in the study of Hermeneutics, few scholars noticed Nietzsche. The primary problem to be solved in this article is to clarify Nietzsche’s idea of Hermeneutics. Nietzsche’s thoughts are multifarious and disorderly, often put in aphoristic writing. Besides, he opposed conceptions and systems, seldom expounded problems systematically and logically, so it’s hard for readers to get his specific explanation of Hermeneutics. Therefore the article first clarifies Nietzsche’s thoughts. Chapter one fulfills this task through the analysis of several propositions-Revaluation of All Values, Will to Power and Ever-Transmigrating Theory. Chapter two mainly analyzes Nietzsche’s theoretical foundation of Hermeneutics-Perspective Epistemology, which is of key importance to the understanding of Nietzsche’s theory of Hermeneutics. In some sense, it is the breakthrough in Epistemology that makes Hermeneutics so vigorous, and it also Blazes a new road for human sciences to shake off the fetters of the modern Epistemology. Foreshadowed by Chapter two, chapter three, the explanation of Nietzsche’s theory of Hermeneutics becomes well-reasoned. The three sections-"Interpretation, the creation bringing about meanings"; "Interpretation, the unfolding of life", and "Interpretation, the salvation of nihilism" expound Nietzsche’s theory of Hermeneutics systematically and solve the first problem in the article.The second problem that the article is to deal with is the influence of Nietzsche’s theory of Hermeneutics on Reception Aesthetics. The study on Hermeneutics started early and develops well. After the explanation of Nietzsche’s theory of Hermeneutics, the article focuses on its influence on the whole development of Hermeneutics. It seems that the article is to study its influence on Reception Aesthetics, but in fact, in the development of Hermeneutics, contributions of Heidegger and Gadamer could not be ignored. They both have some connection with Nietzsche. Heidegger interpreted Nietzsche in his monograph Nietzsche. As Heidegger’s student, Gadamer partly accepted Heidegger’s thoughts. And Jauss, the founder of Reception Aesthetics, is Gadamer’s student. His theory of Reception Aesthetics, to some extent, is a specifically microcosmic study based on Gadamer’s philosophical interpretation. Therefore it’s not strange to expound Heidegger and Gadamer in the article. Although Reception Aesthetics was founded long after Nietzsche, some inter-connections between them do exist. Through the analysis of several conceptions-horizon, creativity, process and uncertainty, the inter-connections among their thoughts are explained, consequently, the second problem in the article is solved.In the end, the relationship between Hermeneutics and Aesthetics is briefly introduced, and the idea that Hermeneutics opens up new horizons for the development of Aesthetics is revealed.更多还原