【作者】 王湘嵛；

【导师】 王超；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 脑血肿是由脑组织各种病因以及脑外伤引起的脑部病理反应,常导致脑部疾病患者病情加重,乃至死亡的最常见并发症之一。人脑是人体结构最复杂和最重要的部分,而脑组织对不同病因的病理反映有非常复杂的表现形式,其病变脑组织的电特性改变包含了丰富的结构信息和功能信息。及时准确破译和解读这些信息,检测脑出血、脑血肿及其演变,是关系到急危重症患者抢救成败的关键之一。电学方法具有无创、廉价、安全等优点,是实现脑血肿连续监测地可靠技术手段。本文依据脑组织的介电特性,对电容测量方法实现脑血肿检测进行了初步研究,主要研究工作如下:1.本课题通过分析头部组织的电导率和介电常数在不同频率下的变化规律,提出了依据监测介电特性来实现检测脑血肿的方法。2.根据头部结构,利用ANSYS分析软件,建立了多层脑模型,在二维场域内研究了血肿位置变化、大小变化、靠近测量电极程度等情况,验证了利用介电特性检测脑血肿理论的可行性。3.对混频激励检测进行了仿真研究,依据仿真结果确定合理的频率组合,通过比对不同频率下测量值的方法处理数据,探讨混频检测的规律性。4.对双测量电极检测进行了仿真研究,通过变化血肿的状态,研究不同激励频率下的测量规律。5.设计了基于电容测量方法的硬件系统,通过动物头颅的实验测量,发现颅内生理盐水注入量与测量结果具有相关性。通过对比仿真结果,基本验证了基于电容测量方法检测脑血肿的可行性,为进一步的研究奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The brain haematoma is the pathological reaction caused by some disease of brain tissue and traumatic brain injury, which often aggravates the disease and even leads to death. The brain is the most complex and important organ for the people. The brain tissue has greatly complex performance due to the different diseases, and the electrical characters of the pathological tissue contain abundant structure information and functional information. It is a key for emergency treatment to extract this information and detect the haematoma as well as development timely.Due to the advantage of non-invasive, low-cost and safety, the electrical method is a reliable technique which can be used in the continuous detection on brain haematoma. Based on the dielectric property of the brain tissue, the preliminary research on detecting cerebral haematoma has been studied. The contributions of this dissertation are as follows:1. A measuring method based on dielectric property for brain haematoma detection is presented through analyzing the changing regularity of the conductivity and permittivity of the head tissue at different frequency.2. According to the head structure, a mutli-layer brain model is built up with ANSYS analysis software. The different states of haematoma such as the position, size and the extent of approaching the measuring electrode are analyzed in two-dimension model, and the feasibility of the measurement is proved.3. The mixing frequency measurement method is simulated, and the appropriate exciting frequency is assembled according to the simulation result. A method of contrasting measured values at different frequency is used to process the data, and then the regularity of the measurement is discussed.4. A double measuring-electrodes measurement strategy method is simulated. The regulation at different exciting frequency is analyzed through changing status of the haematoma.5. A hardware based on capacitance measuring method is designed, and the correlations between the injection of physiological saline solution and measuring result are found through the experiment on animal head. Compared with the simulation, the experimental tests result show that the method is feasible, and the further research is established.更多还原