【作者】 卢姗；

【导师】 季民；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 好氧颗粒污泥是污水生物处理领域新兴的研究热点之一。为分析颗粒污泥SBR系统应用于实际生活污水的可行性,为颗粒污泥SBR系统工程化选定最佳运行参数,本论文采用实际生活污水,研究了厌氧-好氧颗粒污泥SBR中颗粒污泥的特性及稳定性,并考察其去除有机物和同步除磷脱氮的效果及机理。人工配水培养的颗粒污泥可以在转为处理生活污水后稳定生长并存在。反应器中颗粒污泥呈黄褐色细砂状外观,球形或椭球形,结构密实且轮廓清晰,主要由球菌和杆菌组成。由于进水COD容积负荷先升高后降低,污泥浓度和颗粒污泥的质量百分含量随之呈现出先升高后降低的趋势。稳定运行阶段颗粒污泥的平均粒径为948.36μm,SVI值为20~35。随着颗粒污泥粒径的增大,污泥的沉降速率、湿密度、MLVSS/MLSS随之增大,SVI和含水率随之减小。颗粒污泥SBR反应器在前期人工配水试验中,对TOC、磷酸盐、氨氮、总氮的平均去除率分别为85.03%,92.33%,95.21%,72.80%。在改为处理实际生活污水后连续运行了6个月,虽然进水的污染物浓度波动变化比较大,但系统对COD、TOC、磷酸盐、氨氮、总氮和SS仍能保持较好的去除能力,平均去除率分别为80.54%,70.27%,70.98%,92.29%,47.47%和82.46%。系统具有一定的抗冲击负荷能力。对反应器运行过程中典型周期的分析,反映出颗粒污泥具有良好的同步除磷脱氮效果。有机物大部分在厌氧阶段被吸收,并伴随着磷酸盐的释放。好氧阶段发生伴随着聚磷菌吸磷的同步硝化反硝化反应(SND)。进水COD容积负荷在2.0~3.5 kg/(m3·d)范围内时,有利于颗粒污泥的稳定和污泥浓度及粒径的增长。另外,高有机负荷同样有助于提高系统的SND性能。颗粒污泥SBR系统更适合于在高有机负荷条件下运转。提高进水的碳氮比和系统中颗粒污泥比例,有利于提高颗粒污泥SBR系统SND的效果。减少污泥中含磷量可在一定程度上改善系统的除磷性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aerobic granular sludge has been one of focuses in the biological wastewater treatment area. To study the possibility of aerobic granular sludge SBR applying in domestic sewage treatment and find the optimal operational parameters, An anaerobic/aerobic SBR was used to treat domestic sewage. The characteristics and stabilization of granular sludge was investigated, as well as the efficiency and mechanism of organic pollutants, nitrogen and phosphorus removal.The granular sludge cultivated with synthetic wastewater grew and existed stably when it was applied to treat domestic sewage. The granules are tawny, looks like fine sand. The morphology of granules is nearly spherical or elliptical with dense structure and clear outline. It is mainly composed of cocci and bacillus. The concentration and percentage of granular sludge increased first and then decreased with the same change of influent COD volume loading. At steady state, the granules had an average diameter of 948.36μm and SVI of 20~35. As the diameter of granules increased, the settling velocity, wet density and MLVSS/MLSS increased. However, SVI and water content decreased.When the granular sludge SBR was applied to treat synthetic wastewater, the average removal efficiencies of TOC, phosphate, NH4+-N, TN were 85.03%, 92.33%, 95.21% and 72.80%, respectively. Then it turned to treat domestic sewage for 6 months. Although the influent concentration varied a lot, the granular sludge SBR still had good removal performance. The average removal efficiencies of COD, TOC, phosphate, ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, SS were 80.54%, 70.27%, 70.98%, 92.29%, 47.47% and 82.46%, respectively. The granular sludge SBR had a certain ability to adapt shock loadings. Analysis of typical cycle showed that the granular sludge has good simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal performance. Most of the organics was uptaked in anaerobic stage with the release of phosphate. The phosphorus uptake and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) occurred during aerobic period.The influent COD volume loading of 2.0~3.5 kg/(m3·d) is good for maintain sludge stabilization and the increase of sludge concentration and diameter. High organic loading is also benefit for SND. The granular sludge SBR is more suitable to operate under high organic loading. Increasing the C/N of influent and the proportion of granules in reactor is benefit for improving the SND performance. Decreasing the sludge phosphate content will improve the phosphate removal efficiency in a certain degree.更多还原