【作者】 李彬；

【导师】 迟杰；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 环境科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文选择美国EPA和我国优先控制的持久性有机污染物HCHs、DDTs为代表化合物,以海河和敬业湖为现场,对水体的富营养化指标、颗粒物沉积通量以及表层沉积物样品中HCHs和DDTs的含量进行了监测,并根据现场数据分析了富营养化水体中有机氯农药在沉积物/水间的迁移行为。监测结果显示春季和秋季是浮游植物生长的旺盛期并且秋季宜发生水华,海河三岔口和敬业湖水体中叶绿素浓度分别在9月初、10月初达到了峰值;海河和敬业湖水体已处于富营养化状态,海河富营养化较敬业湖严重;海河三岔口和敬业湖水体浮游植物生长主要受到磷限制。06年3月~10月期间海河三岔口表层沉积物中∑HCH、∑DDT的含量分别在1.92~10.07ng/g、3.24~43.39ng/g之间,平均值分别为4.00、13.55ng/g;敬业湖表层沉积物中∑HCH、∑DDT的含量分别在2.19~20.16ng/g、1.79~29.11ng/g之间,平均值分别为7.68、12.57ng/g。海河三岔口表层沉积物中有机氯农药含量季节性变化不大,敬业湖表层沉积物中有机氯农药含量春季呈下降趋势,夏季波动较大,秋季先由高点降至低点再有所回升。富营养化对有机氯农药在沉积物/水间迁移有重要的影响。沉积通量对表层沉积物中∑HCH含量变化的影响最大;水体中浮游植物含量对表层沉积物中∑HCH含量变化没有直接影响可能是由于浮游植物沉降的滞后性引起的;水体中碱性磷酸酶活性间接影响表层沉积物中∑HCH含量变化。海河干流采样结果显示三岔口和光明桥有机氯农药污染严重;海河干流市区段和敬业湖表层沉积物中HCHs四种同分异构体中以β-HCH为主。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper HCHs and DDTs, listed as‘priority persisten organic pollutants’by the US EPA and China, were selected as representative contaminations. Transport behaviours of them between water and sediment were studied by field monitoring of Haihe river and Jingye lake such as water eutrophication index, particulate material fluxes, concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in surface sediment.The results showed that phytoplankton thrived in spring and autumn, algal bloom was easily happened in autumn, and concentrations of chlorophyll reached peak values at the beginning of September and October, respectively. Sanchakou of Haihe and Jingye lake were in eutrophic status, and the eutrophic status of Sanchakou of Haihe was more serious. The growth of phytoplankton was limited by phosphorus at the two places.From March to October 2006, concentrations of∑HCH and∑DDT in surface sediment of Sanchakou of Haihe ranged from 1.92-10.07 ng/g (mean 4.00 ng/g) and 3.24-43.39 ng/g (mean 13.55 ng/g), respectively. Jingye lake ranged from 2.19-20.16 ng/g (mean 7.68 ng/g) and 1.79-29.11 ng/g (mean 12.57 ng/g), respectively. The results showed that the seasonal change of concentrations of OCPs in surface sediment of Sanchakou of Haihe was unconspicuous but obvious in surface sediment of Jingye lake. Concentrations of OCPs were down in spring, fluctuated in summer, were from high to low and then rebound in autumn.Transport behaviours of organochlorine pesticides between water and sediment were significantly influenced by eutrophication. Concentrations of∑HCH in surface sediment were most influnced by particulate material fluxes, not directly by phytoplankton which was possibly attributed to retarding in settlement of phytoplankton, and indirectly by alkaline phosphatase activity.The results of Haihe river showed that contamination of OCPs was serious in Sanchakou and Guangming Bridge. Composition of HCH isomers was dominant byβ-HCH in surface sediment of Haihe river and Jingye lake.更多还原