【作者】 蒋琛；

【导师】 王太平；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 经济法， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着新技术不断地涌现,可获专利权客体即可专利主题也逐渐跃入人们的视野当中并日益成为大家讨论研究的重点。这与专利权客体标准本身的重要性直接相关:一方面,清晰的专利权客体标准对于商业中的公司和个人同样是十分重要的。另一方面,专利权客体标准在专利制度中具有一种狭隘但又重要的作用,它通过评估授予或拒绝授予专利必须考虑的相关因素,如新颖性、创造性和实用性等,来发挥“看门人”的功能。专利权客体的重要性是共同的,所不同的是各个国家之间由于国情和社会背景各有不同而造成范围上的差异。伴随新时代的到来,现代科学技术有了突飞猛进地发展。信息技术、生物技术等诸多领域都取得了一系列里程碑式的成果,人们的生产、生活方式也由此产生了极其深远的影响。具体至专利制度,科学技术对于专利权客体的范围带来了巨大调整。传统上被排除在知识产权保护之外的一些内容,可能也会逐渐聚集到知识产权的保护伞下。为了迎合新时代的发展,许多国家都在适时调整专利权客体范围。新技术时代下,高新技术的迅猛发展给我国专利制度带来挑战的同时也带来了机遇。而就我国现有状况而言,为了顺应时代的发展、满足人们的需求、克服现有专利权客体标准的不足,并且更好地实现专利制度的价值目标,本文在此,试图通过对美国、日本、西欧国家专利权客体的传统范围、新范围进行研究学习,在比较借鉴的基础上,以我国目前的技术状况为基准,提出了我国应建立的专利权客体新范围。具体而言,在计算机程序领域,考虑到计算机程序可能给社会经济带来巨大影响和我国目前在此领域的水平,建议我国应持谨慎的态度,利用我国目前的法律框架,以技术性为限制将专利保护限定在一定的范围之内;在植物新品种领域,由于我国现行的植物新品种权保护模式在刺激科技创新和保护育种者利益方面已经发挥了十分显著的作用,因而对植物新品种的专利保护应持相对谨慎态度;在商业方法领域则以技术性为判断标准,区别对待是否予以专利保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous emergence of new technologies, the patentable subject matter has fall into people’s vision gradually and increasingly become the focus of the study. This related to the importance of the patentable subject matter standards directly: on the one hand, clear standards are important both for the companies and individuals in business. On the other hand, the patentable subject matter standards has a narrow but important role in the patent system .It played a "look at Gate "feature through refusing or not to grant a patent which must take into account the relevant factor: such as novelty, creativity and practicality. The importance of the patentable subject matter is common, but the difference is that the different scopes between the various countries witch because of different national and social backgrounds.With the arrival of a new era, modern science and technology has rapid development. Information technology, biotechnology and other fields have made a series of landmark results. people’s production and life has far-reaching implications. Specific to the patent system, science and technology has brought a big adjustment to the patentable subject matter. Some of the elements witch been excluded from the protection of intellectual property rights traditionally, may also gradually gathered under the protective umbrella of intellectual property rights. In order to meet the development of new era, many countries adjust the patentable subject matter scopes timely.In the new technology era, the rapid development of high technology not only brought challenges but also brought opportunities to the patent systems of our country. On China’s current situation, in order to conform to the development of the times, meet people’s needs, to overcome the existing franchise of the patentable subject matter standards, and to realize the value of the patent system targets better, the paper here, try to establish new scopes of the patentable subject matter for our country that based on the United States, the Japan, Western European countries’new and old scopes and our current technology state. In particular, in the computer program area, taking into account the computer program could bring enormous socio-economic impact and the level of our country in this area, suggested China should move under the China’s current legal framework to restrict patent by technology; In the area of new plant varieties ,we should limit the patent protection of new plant varieties, because existing protection model of New Plant Varieties in china has played a very significant role to stimulate technological innovation and protect the interests of breeders. Therefore, we should be a relatively cautious attitude on the patent of New Varieties of Plants .In the field of business methods, it need use technical standards for judging and treat them differently whether to protect.更多还原